Study on GM(1,1) Boundary Model based on Surveying Engineering

Abstract

Abstract. GM(1,1) models are widely applied to many fields including surveying engineering.Their researches are growing,and study on boundary conditions of GM(1,1) models is an important work.Based on least squares method,two sorts of new and better methods about boundary condition of GM(1,1) models were put forward in this paper.Finally,author proved that some models are equals,and proposed some advices.These results are important to GM(1,1) models and distortion monitoring of surveying engineering .