Study on synergistic expansion and flame retardancy of modified kaolin to low density polyethylene

Ou, Haiyan; Xu, Jiacheng; Liu, Ben; Xue, Honglai; Weng, Yunxuan; Jiang, Juncheng; Xu, Guoguang

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123586

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) as a common thermoplastic material, has been widely used in various fields such as cables, building materials, electronic industries, battery boxes, and underground mining because of its lightweight, excellent dielectric properties, corrosion resistance, recyclability, large output and so on. [1][2][3] Nevertheless, LDPE is flammable, which greatly limits its application. 4,5 Nowadays, with the increasing requirements for human health and environment, intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) as a promising halogen-free flame retardant with the advantages of low toxicity and low smoke have been employed into the LDPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) as a common thermoplastic material, has been widely used in various fields such as cables, building materials, electronic industries, battery boxes, and underground mining because of its lightweight, excellent dielectric properties, corrosion resistance, recyclability, large output and so on 1–3 . Nevertheless, LDPE is flammable, which greatly limits its application 4,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the flame retardancy efficiency and mechanical properties of the intumescent flame retarded low‐density polyethylene by the dual actions of polyurea microencapsulation and aluminum hypophosphite

Lan

Gao

Xiao

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The use of intumescent flame retardants to retard polyethylene usually had the disadvantages of low flame retardancy efficiency and poor compatibility between intumescent flame retardants and low-density polyethylene (LDPE), which led to the reduction of mechanical properties of materials. In order to solve these issues, the microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP) and microencapsulated aluminum hypophosphite (MAHP) with polyurea were prepared through the interfacial polymerization of water-in-oil (W/O) microemulsions. The flame retarded polyethylene composites with MAPP and MAHP were manufactured. The LDPE composites with 17.3 wt% of MAPP and 3.9 wt% of MAHP possessed a LOI value of 27.3% and achieved the V-0 standard. The PHRR and THR were remarkably decreased by 30.3% and 31.1% compared with that of the LDPE. Furthermore, the tensile strength of LDPE/MAPP-MAHP was 19.1% higher than that of LDPE/APP-AHP because of good dispersion and compatibility of MAPP and MAHP with LDPE. This work provides a new method to prepare flame-retardant LDPE with high performance and the related mechanisms were discussed in detail.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the flame retardancy efficiency and mechanical properties of the intumescent flame retarded low‐density polyethylene by the dual actions of polyurea microencapsulation and aluminum hypophosphite

Lan

Gao

Xiao

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The addition of nanomaterials can make up for these disadvantages. 24 Bao, 25 Ali, 26 and Kahraman 27 studied the influence of different nanomaterials on IFR, and all concluded that nanomaterials and IFR have a good synergistic flame retardant effect. Nano-silica is a nanomaterial with good antioxidation properties, which can be used in the preparation of anticorrosion coatings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although IFRs have many advantages, they also have disadvantages, such as low flame retardant efficiency and high consumption. The addition of nanomaterials can make up for these disadvantages . Bao, Ali, and Kahraman studied the influence of different nanomaterials on IFR, and all concluded that nanomaterials and IFR have a good synergistic flame retardant effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Performance Testing of an Intumescent Nanoinhibitor for Inhibiting Coal Spontaneous Combustion

et al. 2022

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Considering disadvantages such as the low thermal stability and environmental pollution of existing gel inhibitors, a green and stable intumescent nanoinhibitor (INI) was prepared and tested. First, polyacrylamide (PAM), nano-silica, and intumescent flame retardant (IFR) were selected as raw materials. The INI was prepared by nanoparticle modification and cross-linking polymerization. Then, the structure and physical properties of INI were tested by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and rheological experiments. Meanwhile, the inhibition performance of INI was studied through thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR) analysis. The results suggest that the nanomodification improved the dispersibility of INI particles. The addition of modified nano-silica (MNS) and IFR enhances the strength of the reticular structure, thereby improving the transport convenience and covering ability of the INI gel. At high temperatures, IFR can generate a porous foamed carbon layer that further coats the coal. After INI inhibition treatment, the characteristic temperature and activation energy of coal were significantly improved, and the production of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide decreased. Hence, irrespective of physical properties, physical inhibition performance, or chemical inhibition performance, INI performed well. Research results can provide valuable references for the preparation and performance study of a coal spontaneous combustion inhibitor.

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“…[ 12 ] Although not a construction material, a significant number of papers address the problem of its flammability. [ 13–16 ] Polyethylene is a semicrystalline polymer characterized by low susceptibility to heterogeneous nucleation due to the high speed of the crystallization process. At the same time, many studies have shown the influence of selected additives and fillers (including flame retardants, FRs) on the crystallization process and changes in the degree of crystallization of the PE matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of intumescent flame retardants on non‐isothermal crystallization behavior of high‐density polyethylene

Mysiukiewicz

Sałasińska

Barczewski

et al. 2022

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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In this study, the influence of the addition of intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) on the non-isothermal crystallization of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was studied. The investigations were carried out for polyethylene compositions containing two different IFRs, ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and a mixture of copper phosphate and melamine phosphate (CUMP). Both IFRs have been incorporated with a constant amount of 20 wt%. Non-isothermal kinetic parameters were calculated from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis using the Jeziorny and Mo methods. The research demonstrates the appropriateness of using the latter approach to evaluate the HDPE-based crystallization process changes. The results of the obtained kinetic parameters describing HDPE crystallization were related to the activation energy assessed by the Friedman method, microscopic analysis performed using polarized light microscopy, and wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). Despite the increase in the activation energy (E X ) of the flame retarded polyethylene series, the degree of crystallinity was comparable to that of unmodified HDPE due to a limited dependence effect of E X on relative crystallinity. Investigations made using polarized light microscopy showed an increase in the density of spherulite impingement for HDPE/IFRs. Moreover, despite introducing crystalline organic compounds, polyethylene did not reveal any polymorphic changes according to WAXS.

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Study on synergistic expansion and flame retardancy of modified kaolin to low density polyethylene

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

Improving the flame retardancy efficiency and mechanical properties of the intumescent flame retarded low‐density polyethylene by the dual actions of polyurea microencapsulation and aluminum hypophosphite

Improving the flame retardancy efficiency and mechanical properties of the intumescent flame retarded low‐density polyethylene by the dual actions of polyurea microencapsulation and aluminum hypophosphite

Characterization and Performance Testing of an Intumescent Nanoinhibitor for Inhibiting Coal Spontaneous Combustion

Effect of intumescent flame retardants on non‐isothermal crystallization behavior of high‐density polyethylene

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