Study on the Carbon Emission Evaluation in a Container Port Based on Energy Consumption Data

Abstract

Increase as much as 87 o C every year. Nowadays, 90% of the transportation for industry is done by sea. There are two components sharing the most vital role in sea transportation, i.e. ships and ports. This research focused on the calculation of the emissions in the whole process in the ports, which covered berthing, the unloading processes, transfer from piers to stacking spots, stacking and vice-versa. The method of this research involved collecting the data of the ports' performances for one year, which covered berthing, equipment and utility, fuel consumption, and electricity. The researched port was Belawan International Container Terminal (BICT), Medan, Indonesia. The emission factor used for fuel was based on the policy issued by the Ministry of Environment that has ratified IPCC 2006, and, as for the electricity, the emission factor of the Java Madura Bali power plant was used, i.e. 0.844 kg of CO2/KWH. It was found out that the fewest emissions in terms of the emissions from the whole equipment were those in BICT, as many as 15.93 kg of CO2/TEU. As for the emissions produced by fuel or direct emissions in a port, those in BICT as many as 15.38 kg of CO 2 /TEU. In respect of the emissions from the whole process in a port, from berthing to taking containers out of the port, the emissions in JICT as many as 29.08 kg of CO 2 /TEU. A huge number of emissions were produced from berthing. With the use of power on shore, this number will shrink, and it will eventually considerably lessen the number of the whole emissions in the port.

Evaluation of CO2 emissions and energy use with different container terminal layouts

“…Energy consumption patterns of each container-handling equipments. *This variable was estimated according to previous research 24,41,42 . in which W x = The amount of CO 2 emissions weight generated at terminal x, V i j = The annual diesel use in litres by equipment i in modality j, f D = The factor of emission in kg of CO 2 emissions per a litre of diesel (= 2,65), P i j = The annual power use in kWh by equipment i in modality j, f E = The factor of emission in kg of CO 2 emission per kWh (= 0.832), n (i,j) = The amount of trips of equipment i in modality j, C (i,j) = The steady consumption (e.g.…”

A novel hybrid MCDM approach followed by fuzzy DEMATEL-ANP-TOPSIS to evaluate Low Carbon Suppliers

“…Fujisaki., 2016; H. Han., 2019) [20][21][22] . All these techniques are important in terms of overall cost management (proper use of material, quality management, apply new advanced techniques in industry, proper human resource management etc).…”

A Review of Environmental Assessment and Carbon Management for Integrated Supply Chain Models

“…The contributing factor of CO2 emissions is fundamentally produced from manufacturing processes and transportation activities 12) , since these operations require some form of energy for combustion or burning activities 40) to operate machines, equipment or vehicles in manufacturing or delivering products within the entire SC 41) . Previously, authors 42) investigated the calculation of carbon emissions from the transportation process in maritime ports, such as the transfer of goods from piers to stacking areas and stacking. Thus, CO2 emissions are significantly associated with energy consumption 43) .…”