Study on the sensitized photolysis of pyrethroids; 1. Kinetic characteristic of photooxidation by singlet oxygen

Development of Visible Light-Responsive Sensitized Photocatalysts

“…The photosensitization effect was enhanced with increasing sensitizer concentration within a certain range. However, with further increasing sensitizer concentration, the photosensitization effect was adversely decreased, possibly due to a saturation limit of the sensitizer adsorption sites on the photocatalyst surface [28]. In addition, the excess sensitizers which were dissolved in the reaction solution could be excited but could not inject the electrons to the conduction band of the photocatalyst for inducing the photocatalytic reaction [20].…”

“…What is more, the structures of the organic dyes can be changed according to what they are required by low cost, low toxicity, and easy handling approaches [12][13][14]. In the past years, plentiful organic dyes got particular attention and had been tested as photosensitizers, such as eosin Y [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], riboflavin [24][25][26][27][28], rose bengal [24,26], cyanine [11,29], cresyl violet [30], hemicyanine 2 International Journal of Photoenergy [12], and merocyanine [31][32][33]. However, the stability of pure organic dyes is a notable problem which should be solved emergently [34,35].…”

“…The photosensitization method has been applied to many fields in recent years, including the visible-light-promoted photodegradation of the contaminants [24][25][26][27][28][29], the dyesensitized solar cell (DSSC) [41,42], the semiconductorsensitized solar cells (SSSC) [36], and visible-induced hydrogen evolution from water [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. The sensitized photodegradation process was found to be an effective way to accelerate the photodecay of contaminants compared with the direct photolytic process (i.e., no sensitizer involved) [27].…”

Seletividade de inseticidas ao parasitoide <em>Cotesia flavipes</em> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae): implicações no manejo de <em>Diatraea saccharalis</em> (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

“…Acredita-se que, em condições de semi-campo, a lenta degradação das moléculas inseticidas piretroides ocorre pela menor luminosidade no ambiente. Quando há maior luminosidade, em condicões de campo, ocorre um processo de fotólise que acelera o processo de degradação (HOLMSTEAD et al, 1978;BI et al, 1996).…”

Toxicidade de inseticidas registrados para uso em cana-de-açúcar ao parasitoide >i<Trichogramma galloi >/i<(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

“…A razão sexual da primeira geração foi alterada somente com o inseticida triflumurom (χ 2 = 15,34; g.l.= 5; p<0,009) (Tabela 13 Médias seguidas da mesma letra não diferem estatisticamente de acordo com o modelo linear generalizado (GLM) com distribuição "quase binomial" ou "binomial" (p<0,05 de campo, ocorre um processo de fotólise que acelera o processo de degradação (HOLMSTEAD et al, 1978;BI et al, 1996).…”