Study Regarding the Situation of the Terrains Afected by Different Forms of Erosion in the Transylvanian Hillock Area

Abstract

The Transylvanian hillock area includes the Transylvanian Depression, as a major unit formed from the Transylvanian Plateau, as a central unit and the hills from the basis of the mountains, (Somesene, Feleacului, Bistritei, Nasaudului, Suplacului Hills, and the Somesean, Tarnave and Purcaret, Plateaus as slide units (1,2). From the administrative point of view this area belongs to the counties Cluj, Salaj, Maramures, Alba, Mures and Bistrita-Nasaud.
 Taking into consideration the predominate hillock character of the relief the cambisoils are dominant (24.49%), especially districambosoils, luvosoils, (23.43%), represented through preluvosoils, luvosoils and aluvosoils especially in the Muresului and Somesului watersides.
 A large number of areas are occupied by regosoils, gleisoils and stagnosoils.
 The main restrictions which affect the quality of the soils in this area are: erosion through different ways of manifestation (of surface, of depth, sliding), the exceeding of water (gleisation) or water from precipitation (stagnogleisation).
 From the altitude’s point of view 400-600m, with winded plateaus and peaks, affected by different slope processes, and wet cold valleys, affected by processes of gleisation and stagnogleisation.