Study the stratospheric ozone irregularity over Pakistan atmospheric region in perspectives of wavelet analysis

Power Spectrum Inception of F2 Layer at Solar-Terrestrial Region of Pakistan

“…The above expression exhibits, known as continuous wavelets. In this case the symbol p and t indicates the scale and location parameters respectively, and the function , () pt u ψ is known the complex conjugate of the above equation (Lopez-Montes et al 2015;Ahmed et al 2015;Jan et al 2019). If we change the value of s that has influenced the dilating ( 1) p > or decrease ( 1) p < of the function () t ψ and where the shifting of t has the cause of examining the function () ft about different time scales.…”

“…In the above relation, 'n' corresponds to confined time indicator; 'p' is known for the width of investigated wavelet, ∆t time difference, 'N' stand for total observations in the considered data sets and ψ revealed the inverse of the complex function 𝜓𝜓(𝑡𝑡) (Jan et al 2019). The above relation can be computed for a large number of data points of the scale 's' (generally used in the multiples of the smallest feasible frequency) with entire observations of 'n' among the starting and ending times.…”

Power Spectrum Inception of F2 Layer at Solar Terrestrial Region of Pakistan

“…Conclusively, wavelet functions have depicted a characteristic that exist in the data set (Santos et al 2003). Moreover, the smooth deviation in the continuous type wavelet is used for smoothly nature function, for example a Morlet wavelet (Jan et al 2019). This concept utilized to highlight the hidden points of the signal in uninterrupted wavelet and gives more localization in time and frequency that are explained by the Fourier transform (Rahman et al 2018).…”

“…Albeit, the approach wavelet investigation is utilized to monitor fussy signals, therefore, the choice of the best wavelet manifestation for the inspection signals is important. A literature survey has been done for the same topic that can explain the various kinds of wavelet functions frequently applied in atmospheric science, these are termed as Mexican hat, Morlet, Daubechies and Haar (Jan et al 2019). Conclusively, wavelet functions have depicted a characteristic that exist in the data set (Santos et al 2003).…”

“…In wavelet analysis, there is a 1-1 relationship between scale and period. For Morlet, the period is more important as compared to others because it has many smooth oscillations (Jan, et al 2019).…”