Studying airflow and heat transfer characteristics of a horticultural produce packaging system using a 3-D CFD model. Part II: Effect of package design

Delele, Mulugeta Admasu; Ngcobo, Mduduzi E. K; Getahun, Samuel; Chen, L; Mellmann, Jochen; Opara, Umezuruike Linus

doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2013.08.015

Cited by 77 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…To address these questions regarding produce cooling behaviour in refrigerated containers, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a more appropriate tool and nicely complements basic calculations and experiments. CFD has been applied extensively within a FAC context Dehghannya et al, 2012Dehghannya et al, , 2011Dehghannya et al, , 2010Delele et al, 2013aDelele et al, , 2013bFerrua and Singh, 2011, 2009a, 2009bSmale et al, 2006;Verboven et al, 2006;Zou et al, 2006aZou et al, , 2006b, but only to a very limited extent for cooling during transport (James et al, 2006;Moureh and Flick, 2004;Moureh et al, 2009Moureh et al, , 2002Tapsoba et al, 2007Tapsoba et al, , 2006, predominantly for refrigerated vehicles.…”

Section: Side Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring ambient loading of citrus fruit into reefer containers for cooling during marine transport using computational fluid dynamics

Defraeye

Cronjé

Verboven

et al. 2015

Postharvest Biology and Technology

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Defraeye T., Cronjé P., Verboven P., Opara U.L., , Exploring ambient loading of citrus fruit into reefer containers for cooling during marine transport using computational fluid dynamics, Postharvest Biology and Technology 108, 91-101. AbstractA promising cold-chain protocol is explored as an alternative to the commonly-used forced-air pre-cooling (FAC) of citrus fruit prior to shipping: ambient loading of fruit in reefer containers for cooling during long-haul marine transport. Despite the multiple logistical and economical savings it provides, the potential of "ambient loading" of fruit in reefer containers has been left largely unexplored. The present study targets this aspect, but also cooling by vertical airflow in general. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to identify differences in cooling rate and uniformity between individual boxes at different heights on a pallet and between individual fruit within a single box. Simulations show that low airflow rates, typical for refrigerated containers, do not only induce slower fruit cooling, compared to FAC airflow rates, but also the cooling heterogeneity between different layers of boxes (in height) and between individual fruit in a single box is larger. In addition, the presence of gaps between pallets invokes airflow short-circuiting, leading to highly reduced fruit cooling rates. Finally, strategies for future improvement of the ambient loading protocol are proposed, which in the first place should target faster and more uniform cooling. Keywordscomputational fluid dynamics; package design; cold chain; airflow short-circuits; vent holes; convective transfer Defraeye T., Cronjé P., Verboven P., Opara U.L., , Exploring ambient loading of citrus fruit into reefer containers for cooling during marine transport using computational fluid dynamics, Postharvest Biology and Technology 108, 91-101.http://dx

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Section: Side Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring ambient loading of citrus fruit into reefer containers for cooling during marine transport using computational fluid dynamics

Defraeye

Cronjé

Verboven

et al. 2015

Postharvest Biology and Technology

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“…Moreover, some studies used plastic spheres instead of real produce (Delele et al . ; Dehghannya et al . ), some did not consider the effect of evaporative heat on heat flow inside the produce zone (Verboven et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Simulation of Airflow and Heat Transfer During Forced‐Air Precooling of Apples

Han

Badia-Melis

Yang

et al. 2016

J Food Process Engineering

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In this work, we study how different air-inflow velocities affect the appletemperature distribution during forced-convection cooling of individual apples by simultaneously modeling airflow and heat transfer. In general, an increase in airflow velocity increases the cooling rate and heat transfer fluxes across the apple surface and decreases cooling time. The results show that a reasonable increase in cooling rate is obtained with an increase in airflow velocity to 2.5 m/s; any further increase in airflow velocity simply wastes energy because it leads to a relatively low increase in cooling and heat transfer fluxes across the apple surface. By comparing the temperature simulated with and without accounting for respiratory heat, the maximum temperature difference is $0.033 K during cooling. Therefore, respiratory heat has a negligible effect on the temperature variations of fruit. The model was verified by comparing its results with those of experiments. The predicted results are consistent with the measured results. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSTo ensure the quality and safety of horticultural products and extend their storage and shelf life across the entire cold chain, a critical step in the postharvest cold chain is the rapid precooling after harvest to remove field heat. In this work, we investigate how to improve the cooling rate and minimize the cooling time during forced-convection cooling of apples. In addition, the effect of respiratory heat on temperature variations of fruit is also studied. This research provides not only a more detailed understanding of flow distribution and temperature variations of fruit during cooling, but also a reliable theoretical basis for minimizing unnecessary energy consumption during forced-convection cooling of produce.

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“…The mathematical relationships are different than when air and product domain are seen as one domain; the simulation has to take the interaction in terms of mass and energy at the boundary between product and air into account. This way of modelling and simulation is common in several post-harvest food applications (such as Zou et al, 2006;Ferrua and Singh, 2009;Tutar et al, 2009;Page et al, 2009;Dehghannya et al, 2011;Delele et al, 2013).…”

Section: Notice Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling ventilated bulk storage of agromaterials: A review

Grubben

Keesman

2015

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

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Studying airflow and heat transfer characteristics of a horticultural produce packaging system using a 3-D CFD model. Part II: Effect of package design

Cited by 77 publications

References 23 publications

Exploring ambient loading of citrus fruit into reefer containers for cooling during marine transport using computational fluid dynamics

Exploring ambient loading of citrus fruit into reefer containers for cooling during marine transport using computational fluid dynamics

CFD Simulation of Airflow and Heat Transfer During Forced‐Air Precooling of Apples

Modelling ventilated bulk storage of agromaterials: A review

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