Studying the Animal Transcriptome: State of the Art and Challenges in the Context of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

Parreira, José Ricardo; Araújo, Susana de Sousa

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69682-9_20

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…The advent of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) led to important developments in the field of animal science through the application of these techniques with different examples in reproduction and physiology found in the literature [13,14]. In fact, and similarly to proteomics [15], numerous applications may be found in the literature, for mammary gland physiology, growth and involution, productive function, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding seasonal weight loss tolerance in dairy goats: a transcriptomics approach

et al. 2020

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Background Seasonal weight loss (SWL) is a very important limitation to the production of ruminants in the Mediterranean and Tropical regions. In these areas, long dry seasons lead to poor pastures with low nutritional value. During the dry season, ruminants, particularly those raised in extensive production systems, lose around 30% of their body weight. Seasonal weight loss has important consequences on animal productive performance and health. In this study, RNA sequencing was used to characterize feed restriction effects in dairy goat of 2 breeds with different SWL tolerance: Majorera (tolerant) and Palmera (susceptible). Nine Majorera and ten Palmera goats were randomly distributed in a control and a restricted group: Majorera Control (adequately fed; MC; n = 4), Palmera Control (adequately fed; PC; n = 6), Majorera Restricted (feed restricted; ME; n = 5) and Palmera Restricted (feed restricted; PE; n = 4). On day 22 of the trial, mammary gland biopsies were collected for transcriptomics analysis. Results From these samples, 24,260 unique transcripts were identified. From those, 82 transcripts were differentially expressed between MC and ME, 99 between PC and PE, twelve between both control groups and twenty-nine between both restricted groups. Conclusions Feed restriction affected several biochemical pathways in both breeds such as: carbohydrate and lipid transport; intracellular trafficking, RNA processing and signal transduction. This research also highlights the importance or involvement of the genes in tolerance (ENPP1, S-LZ, MT2A and GPNB) and susceptibility (GPD1, CTPS1, ELOVL6 and NR4A1) to SWL with respectively higher expression in the Majorera restriced group and the Palmera restricted group in comparison to the control groups. In addition, results from the study may be extrapolated to other dairy ruminant species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding seasonal weight loss tolerance in dairy goats: a transcriptomics approach

et al. 2020

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“…Using genomics, entire genes or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are associated with damaging behaviours or stress susceptibility, can be identified via genotyping or by sequencing the entire genome in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) [ 17 , 18 ]. Transcriptomics allows the quantification of gene expression in relation with the stress response [ 19 ]. Proteomics examines the entire set of proteins formed after mRNA translation and subsequent post-translation modifications (PTMs).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Omics Application in Animal Science—A Special Emphasis on Stress Response and Damaging Behaviour in Pigs

Kasper

Ribeiro

Almeida

et al. 2020

Genes

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Increasing stress resilience of livestock is important for ethical and profitable meat and dairy production. Susceptibility to stress can entail damaging behaviours, a common problem in pig production. Breeding animals with increased stress resilience is difficult for various reasons. First, studies on neuroendocrine and behavioural stress responses in farm animals are scarce, as it is difficult to record adequate phenotypes under field conditions. Second, damaging behaviours and stress susceptibility are complex traits, and their biology is not yet well understood. Dissecting complex traits into biologically better defined, heritable and easily measurable proxy traits and developing biomarkers will facilitate recording these traits in large numbers. High-throughput molecular technologies (“omics”) study the entirety of molecules and their interactions in a single analysis step. They can help to decipher the contributions of different physiological systems and identify candidate molecules that are representative of different physiological pathways. Here, we provide a general overview of different omics approaches and we give examples of how these techniques could be applied to discover biomarkers. We discuss the genetic dissection of the stress response by different omics techniques and we provide examples and outline potential applications of omics tools to understand and prevent outbreaks of damaging behaviours.

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Studying the Animal Transcriptome: State of the Art and Challenges in the Context of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

Cited by 2 publications

References 121 publications

Understanding seasonal weight loss tolerance in dairy goats: a transcriptomics approach

Understanding seasonal weight loss tolerance in dairy goats: a transcriptomics approach

Omics Application in Animal Science—A Special Emphasis on Stress Response and Damaging Behaviour in Pigs

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