Studying the Heavy Metals Composition and the Impact of Different Common Solvents on the Extraction Efficiency of Phytochemical Secondary Metabolites from the Leaves of Ziziphus spina-christi Grown in Jordan

Khale, Sabah M.J.

doi:10.3923/pjn.2018.392.398

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Based on the yield calculation results, the polar components contained in the leaves of the bidara are quite high, when compared to the very low nonpolar components. Previous research by Khaleel (2018) found that the largest yield of bidara leaf extract was water extract (46.2%), then ethanol (20.3%), then ethyl acetate (15.0%) and n-hexane (0.81%). The experimental results on water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate were different, presumably due to the difference in time and extraction method used, causing the resulting crude yield to also be different.…”

Section: Polarity Characterization Of Antioxidant Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The experimental results on water, ethanol, and ethyl acetate were different, presumably due to the difference in time and extraction method used, causing the resulting crude yield to also be different. According to Khaleel (2018) , the high yield in water and ethanol can also be caused by the high solubility of proteins and carbohydrates in polar solvents. A higher extraction yield does not mean that the extract will have a high concentration of bioactive compounds.…”

Section: Polarity Characterization Of Antioxidant Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Different Solvent on The Antioxidant Capacity of Bidara Leaves Extract (Ziziphus Spina-Christi)

Rialdi,

Prangdimurti,

Saraswati

2023

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Bidara leaves (Ziziphus spina-christi) contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, triterpenoids and tannins which can be a source of antioxidants. In Indonesia, bidara leaves are used as herbal medicine by boiling fresh leaves. The products that developed from bidara leaves are health supplements and herbal teas from bidara leaves, but scientific studies about the antioxidant compounds of bidara leaves are still limited. There are antioxidant components that are non-polar, semi-polar or polar. This study examines the polarity of antioxidant compounds in bidara leaves. In this study, bidara leaves dried with a fluidized bed dryer had better chemical and physical characteristics. The results of the extraction by using various solvents (water, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane) with maceration method showed that the highest antioxidant capacity was in the ethanol fraction (p<0.05). These results were measured based on the antioxidant activity parameters that DPPH scavenging, FRAP values, total phenolic, and total flavonoids. These results indicate that most of antioxidant compounds in bidara leaves have high polarity.

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Section: Polarity Characterization Of Antioxidant Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Polarity Characterization Of Antioxidant Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Different Solvent on The Antioxidant Capacity of Bidara Leaves Extract (Ziziphus Spina-Christi)

Rialdi,

Prangdimurti,

Saraswati

2023

devotion

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“…Their pharmacological and toxicological effects were related to the individual alkaloid type E enantiomeric structure and receptor binding characteristics 13 . Besides, Khaleel 14 reported that heavy metals are presented in many herbal formulations, showing a suggestive adverse and toxic effect on a human being; since having phytotoxic potentials in nature. Behera and Bhattacharya 15 recommended assessment of the medicinal plant's products before their use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and Heavy Metal Composition of Various Extracts of Ephedra sinica from Jordan

Khale¹,

Almuh²

2022

Asian J. of Plant Sciences

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Background and Objective: Ephedra is used in traditional medicine overall, the world. It has a suggestive efficient anti-diabetic, antibacterial, antioxidant anti-asthmatic and anticancer activity. The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical potential, secondary metabolites and heavy metals content of different extracts of Ephedra sinica grown in Jordan. Materials and Methods: Dry leaves of E. sinica were extracted sequentially with ethanol, methanol, chloroform, acetone, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. Extracts were filtered, evaporated and tested for phytochemical components of flavonoids, tannins and total alkaloids, besides, heavy metal analysis for copper, cobalt, lead, cadmium and nickel. Results: The highest extract yield was obtained from water extract (56%) whereas hexane showed the lowest yield (7.5%). Ethanol extract showed the highest contents of flavonoids and tannin contents of (100.7±1.5 mg QE gG 1 DW) and (44.03±7.4 mg GAE gG 1 DW), respectively. The crude powder extract of E. sinica showed the acceptable amount of alkaloids of 17.4±1.3 mg gG 1 DW, with normal values of heavy metal concentration. Conclusion: The yield and phytochemical components from E. sinica leaves are solvent-based. Further research is suggested to be conducted for any pharmacological potential of E. sinica phytochemical components.

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An Insight into the Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses, and Pharmacology of Ziziphus spina-christi (L) Willd. (Sidr): An Edible Wild Plant of Arabian Peninsula

Dhanalekshmi

Khan

Alam

et al. 2022

Edible Plants in Health and Diseases

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Studying the Heavy Metals Composition and the Impact of Different Common Solvents on the Extraction Efficiency of Phytochemical Secondary Metabolites from the Leaves of Ziziphus spina-christi Grown in Jordan

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of Different Solvent on The Antioxidant Capacity of Bidara Leaves Extract (Ziziphus Spina-Christi)

Effect of Different Solvent on The Antioxidant Capacity of Bidara Leaves Extract (Ziziphus Spina-Christi)

Phytochemical and Heavy Metal Composition of Various Extracts of Ephedra sinica from Jordan

An Insight into the Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses, and Pharmacology of Ziziphus spina-christi (L) Willd. (Sidr): An Edible Wild Plant of Arabian Peninsula

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