“…Ion soft landing is characterized by deposition of intact species on surfaces at low kinetic energies (Fig. 18) which precludes the fragmentation of the incident species (Verbeck, Hoffmann, and Walton, 2012;Walton, Hoffmann, and Verbeck, 2014). This capability of MS has been demonstrated for highly controlled (atom by atom) deposition of nanoparticles on different materials (Badu-Tawiah, Cyriac, and Cooks, 2012;.…”
Section: B Ion Soft Landing and Materials Synthesis Using Preparativementioning
Mass spectrometry (MS) is widely regarded as the most sensitive and specific general purpose analytical technique. More than a century has passed for MS since the groundbreaking work of Nobel laureate Sir Joseph John Thomson in 1913. This Colloquium aims to (1) give an historical overview of the major instrumentation achievements that have driven mass spectrometry forward in the past century, including those leading up to the initial work of Thomson, (2) provide the nonspecialist with an introduction to MS, and (3) highlight some key applications of MS and explore the current and future trends. Because of the vastness of the subject area and quality of the manifold research efforts that have been undertaken over the last 100 years, which have contributed to the foundations and subsequent advances in mass spectrometry, it should be understood that not all of the key contributions may have been included in this Colloquium. Mass spectrometry has embraced a multitude of scientific disciplines and to recognize all of the achievements is an impossible task, such has been the diverse impact of this invaluable technique. Scientific progress is usually made via the cumulative effort of a large number of researchers; the achievements reported herein are only a representation of that effort.
“…Ion soft landing is characterized by deposition of intact species on surfaces at low kinetic energies (Fig. 18) which precludes the fragmentation of the incident species (Verbeck, Hoffmann, and Walton, 2012;Walton, Hoffmann, and Verbeck, 2014). This capability of MS has been demonstrated for highly controlled (atom by atom) deposition of nanoparticles on different materials (Badu-Tawiah, Cyriac, and Cooks, 2012;.…”
Section: B Ion Soft Landing and Materials Synthesis Using Preparativementioning
Mass spectrometry (MS) is widely regarded as the most sensitive and specific general purpose analytical technique. More than a century has passed for MS since the groundbreaking work of Nobel laureate Sir Joseph John Thomson in 1913. This Colloquium aims to (1) give an historical overview of the major instrumentation achievements that have driven mass spectrometry forward in the past century, including those leading up to the initial work of Thomson, (2) provide the nonspecialist with an introduction to MS, and (3) highlight some key applications of MS and explore the current and future trends. Because of the vastness of the subject area and quality of the manifold research efforts that have been undertaken over the last 100 years, which have contributed to the foundations and subsequent advances in mass spectrometry, it should be understood that not all of the key contributions may have been included in this Colloquium. Mass spectrometry has embraced a multitude of scientific disciplines and to recognize all of the achievements is an impossible task, such has been the diverse impact of this invaluable technique. Scientific progress is usually made via the cumulative effort of a large number of researchers; the achievements reported herein are only a representation of that effort.
“…20 It can be clearly observed that strong electronic absorption peaks for the two elements of C1s and O1s at the binding energies of 284 and 532 eV 21 are in the presence of pristine cotton fabrics. However, there are two new peaks at the binding energies of 100 and150 eV, corresponding to Si2p and Si2s 22 after modification, which indicates that Si is successfully introduced onto cotton fabric after helium plasma graft polymerization with D4 Vi . Figure 3.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectra of cotton fabrics (a) before and after grafting polymerization with 1,3,5,7-tetravinyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4 Vi ) and resolution spectra of C1s: (b) pristine cotton and (c) cotton-D4 Vi .…”
Cotton fabric is commonly used in daily life, but it is easily wetted and contaminated by liquid. Herein, we present a simple and environmentally friendly plasma technology for hydrophobic modification of cotton fabric. In order to endow superhydrophobicity to cotton fabric, helium plasma inducing graft polymerization of 1,3,5,7-tetravinyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4Vi) was utilized to wrap SiO2 particles on cotton fabrics. Cotton fabrics were successively dipped in silica sol and D4Vi, then treated by plasma. Cotton fabrics before and after modification were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and water contact angle measurement. The experimental results showed that the cotton-SiO2-D4Vi consisted of nanoscale SiO2 protrusions and low-surface-energy film polymerized by D4Vi. In addition, the one wrapped SiO2 of 161 nm presented excellent hydrophobicity, washing durability, and repellency toward different types of liquids with a water contact angle of 152°.
“…The 6‐week‐old rats were then divided into two groups: Control and experimental (six rats in each group). The silver nanoparticles were generated as described in previous reports 35–38 . Using a laser ablation technique in the soft‐landing ion mobility (SLIM) instrument, under ambient atmospheric conditions, the rats were exposed to a cumulative concentration of 200 ppb AgNP ranging in diameter size from 1 to 100 nm, over a period 5 d, 4 h/days in a whole‐body‐type exposure.…”
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become increasingly popular in the biomedical field over the last few decades due to its proven antibacterial property. Previous scientific studies have reported that one of the major organs responsible for detoxification of AgNPs is the liver. The liver is also the primary organ responsible for secretion of angiotensinogen (AGT), a key signaling molecule involved in the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS), which plays an important role in maintaining cardiac output and vascular pressure. The aim of this study was to assess any potential changes in the RAS‐associated gene signaling, inflammatory response, and hepatocellular toxicity resulting from AgNP exposure. To do this, 6‐week‐old, male Wistar rats were exposed to a subacute inhalation exposure of AgNP (200 ppb/days over 4 h/days exposure, for 5 d) and their livers were analyzed for alterations in RAS components, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Real time qPCR analysis showed that AgNP‐exposure resulted in a significant increase in hepatic AGT, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)‐1, and ACE‐2 mRNA expression. Expression of inflammatory markers interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α were also upregulated with AgNP‐exposure, compared to controls. Furthermore AgNP‐exposure mediated a significant increase in hepatic expression of catalase, and superoxide dismutase, and oxidative stress, as assessed via 8‐Oxo‐2′‐deoxyguanosine staining. Increased oxidative stress was associated with increased monocyte/macrophage‐2 staining in the liver of AgNP‐exposed rats. Such findings indicate that subacute inhalation exposure to AgNPs mediate increased hepatic RAS signaling, associated with inflammation, macrophage infiltration, and oxidative stress.
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