Sub-micro and nano-lignin materials: Small size and rapid progress

Deng, Jia; Sun, Shao-Fei; Zhu, En-Qing; Yang, Jing; Yang, Haiyan; Wang, Dawei; Ma, Ming‐Guo; Shi, Zhengjun

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2021.113412

Cited by 31 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Recently, the development of nanoparticles (NPs) from lignin has gained interest due to its advantageous nature for drug delivery systems, delivery of hydrophobic molecules, improvement of the UV barrier, and as a reinforcing agent in nanocomposites, and its antibacterial and antioxidant applications. NPs developed from lignin have also been used as an alternative to inorganic NPs due to some safety issues raised in recent years [ 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Rice Straw via Hydrotropic Lignin Extraction and Its Characterization

Yin

Wang

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Rice straw hydrotropic lignin was extracted from p-Toluene sulfonic acid (p-TsOH) fractionation with a different combined delignification factor (CDF). Hydrotropic lignin characterization was systematically investigated, and alkaline lignin was also studied for the contrast. Results showed that the hydrotropic rice straw lignin particle was in nanometer scopes. Compared with alkaline lignin, the hydrotropic lignin had greater molecular weight. NMR analysis showed that β-aryl ether linkage was well preserved at low severities, and the unsaturation in the side chain of hydrotropic lignin was high. H units and G units were preferentially degraded and subsequently condensed at high severity. High severity also resulted in the cleavage of part β-aryl ether linkage. 31P-NMR showed the decrease in aliphatic hydroxyl groups and the increasing carboxyl group content at high severity. The maximum weight loss temperature of the hydrotropic lignin was in the range of 330–350 °C, higher than the alkaline lignin, and the glass conversion temperature (Tg) of the hydrotropic lignin was in the range of 107–125 °C, lower than that of the alkaline lignin. The hydrotropic lignin has high β-aryl ether linkage content, high activity, nanoscale particle size, and low Tg, which is beneficial for its further valorization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Rice Straw via Hydrotropic Lignin Extraction and Its Characterization

Yin

Wang

et al. 2021

Molecules

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“…Without chemical conversion, lignin can be incorporated directly into polymer matrices to reduce production costs and improve performance. For example, unmodified lignin can be used as UV stabilizers, antioxidants, flame retardants and additives to promote plasticity and flowability of the final product [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74]. Although there is potential for direct industrial application, unmodified lignin can only be incorporated in small amounts due to its weak mechanical properties.…”

Section: Biomass-based Materials Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioresource Upgrade for Sustainable Energy, Environment, and Biomedicine

Новоселов

et al. 2023

Nano-Micro Lett.

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We conceptualize bioresource upgrade for sustainable energy, environment, and biomedicine with a focus on circular economy, sustainability, and carbon neutrality using high availability and low utilization biomass (HALUB). We acme energy-efficient technologies for sustainable energy and material recovery and applications. The technologies of thermochemical conversion (TC), biochemical conversion (BC), electrochemical conversion (EC), and photochemical conversion (PTC) are summarized for HALUB. Microalgal biomass could contribute to a biofuel HHV of 35.72 MJ Kg−1 and total benefit of 749 $/ton biomass via TC. Specific surface area of biochar reached 3000 m2 g−1 via pyrolytic carbonization of waste bean dregs. Lignocellulosic biomass can be effectively converted into bio-stimulants and biofertilizers via BC with a high conversion efficiency of more than 90%. Besides, lignocellulosic biomass can contribute to a current density of 672 mA m−2 via EC. Bioresource can be 100% selectively synthesized via electrocatalysis through EC and PTC. Machine learning, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle analysis are essential to various upgrading approaches of HALUB. Sustainable biomaterials, sustainable living materials and technologies for biomedical and multifunctional applications like nano-catalysis, microfluidic and micro/nanomotors beyond are also highlighted. New techniques and systems for the complete conversion and utilization of HALUB for new energy and materials are further discussed.

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“…Nanolignin (NL) [26,27], produced from wood [28] and other biomass sources [29,30], shows excellent antioxidant properties [29][30][31] due to its phenolic group-rich macromolecular structure. Due to its typically negative surface charge, lignin can be easily complexed with CN, which is positively charged in slightly acidic water solutions [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chitin Nanofibril-Nanolignin Complexes as Carriers of Functional Molecules for Skin Contact Applications

Coltelli

Morganti²,

Castelvetro

et al. 2022

Nanomaterials

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Chitin nanofibrils (CN) and nanolignin (NL) were used to embed active molecules, such as vitamin E, sodium ascorbyl phosphate, lutein, nicotinamide and glycyrrhetinic acid (derived from licorice), in the design of antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nanostructured chitin nanofibrils–nanolignin (CN-NL) complexes for skin contact products, thus forming CN-NL/M complexes, where M indicates the embedded functional molecule. Nano-silver was also embedded in CN-NL complexes or on chitin nanofibrils to exploit its well-known antimicrobial activity. A powdery product suitable for application was finally obtained by spray-drying the complexes co-formulated with poly(ethylene glycol). The structure and morphology of the complexes was studied using infrared spectroscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy, while their thermal stability was investigated via thermo-gravimetry. The latter provided criteria for evaluating the suitability of the obtained complexes for subsequent demanding industrial processing, such as, for instance, incorporation into bio-based thermoplastic polymers through conventional melt extrusion. In vitro tests were carried out at different concentrations to assess skin compatibility. The obtained results provided a physical–chemical, morphological and cytocompatibility knowledge platform for the correct selection and further development of such nanomaterials, allowing them to be applied in different products. In particular, chitin nanofibrils and the CN-NL complex containing glycyrrhetinic acid can combine excellent thermal stability and skin compatibility to provide a nanostructured system potentially suitable for industrial applications.

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Sub-micro and nano-lignin materials: Small size and rapid progress

Cited by 31 publications

References 64 publications

Valorization of Rice Straw via Hydrotropic Lignin Extraction and Its Characterization

Valorization of Rice Straw via Hydrotropic Lignin Extraction and Its Characterization

Bioresource Upgrade for Sustainable Energy, Environment, and Biomedicine

Chitin Nanofibril-Nanolignin Complexes as Carriers of Functional Molecules for Skin Contact Applications

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