Subjective responses to d-amphetamine alone and after pimozide pretreatment in normal, healthy volunteers

Brauer, Lisa H.; Wit, Harriet de

doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00110-7

Cited by 100 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In other words, the lower the availability of D2 receptors, the greater was the liking of the drug. Also, as alluded to previously, the present findings parallel an earlier 'paradoxical' finding that pre-treatment with either 1-or 2-mg of the D2 antagonist, pimozide increased discriminability and 'liking' of a 20-mg dose of d-amphetamine in volunteers (Brauer and de Wit, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In studies with humans, the effects of D2 antagonists on psychostimulant reward have been inconsistent. Some studies have found no effect (eg Wachtel et al, 2002); others have found decreased psychostimulant reward (eg Gunne et al, 1972;Jonsson, 1972;Sherer et al, 1989); and one study has found increased psychostimulant reward (Brauer and de Wit, 1996). In their review of the psychostimulant literature, discuss the seeming lack of correspondence between the animal and human research in terms of functional dosing and a variety of methodological differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A D2 Antagonist Enhances the Rewarding and Priming Effects of a Gambling Episode in Pathological Gamblers

Zack

Poulos

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

155

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Previous research indicated shared neurochemical substrates for gambling and psychostimulant reward. This suggests that dopamine substrates may directly govern the reinforcement process in pathological gambling. To investigate this issue, the present study assessed the effects of the relatively selective dopamine D2 antagonist, haloperidol (3 mg, oral) on responses to actual gambling (15 min on a slot machine) in 20 non-comorbid pathological gamblers and 18 non-gambler controls in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, counterbalanced design. In gamblers, haloperidol significantly increased self-reported rewarding effects of gambling, post-game priming of desire to gamble, facilitation of reading speed to Gambling words, and gambling-induced elevation in blood pressure. In controls, haloperidol augmented gambling-induced elevation in blood pressure, but had no effect on other indices. The findings provide direct experimental evidence that the D2 substrate modulates gambling reinforcement in pathological gamblers.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A D2 Antagonist Enhances the Rewarding and Priming Effects of a Gambling Episode in Pathological Gamblers

Zack

Poulos

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The doses of 10 and 20 mg d -amphetamine are known to produce modest but reliable subjective and behavioral effects in healthy volunteers (Brauer and de Wit 1996). Placebo capsules contained only dextrose.…”

Section: Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Administration of d-Amphetamine Decreases Impulsivity in Healthy Volunteers

Wit

Enggasser

Richards

2002

Neuropsychopharmacology

401

328

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“…Dextroamphetamine is used for the treatment of attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy at a dose of 5 to 60 mg/day (PDR, 2007). In this study, we used a single 20 mg/70 kg oral dose, which has been shown to produce typical amphetamine effects in healthy volunteers (Brauer and de Wit, 1996;Fillmore et al, 2003;Sofuoglu et al, 2008;Tidey et al, 2000). Plasma levels of dextroamphetamine peak within one to three hours following oral administration, and the elimination half-life is 10 to 13 hours (PDR, 2008).…”

Section: Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disulfiram enhances subjective effects of dextroamphetamine in humans

Sofuoglu

Poling

Waters

et al. 2008

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Disulfiram has shown promise in several clinical trials for cocaine addiction, but its potential utility in the treatment of amphetamine addiction has not been examined. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of disulfiram on acute physiological and subjective responses to dextroamphetamine in healthy volunteers. Five male and 5 female subjects participated in an outpatient double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Subjects were randomly assigned to a sequence of disulfiram (250 mg/day) or placebo treatments each lasting for 4 days. Day four of each treatment period was the experimental session, in which subjects orally ingested a single dose of dextroamphetamine (20 mg/70 kg). Outcome measures included heart rate, blood pressure, plasma cortisol and prolactin, subjective and performance on the Sustained Attention to Response Test (SART). Disulfiram did not affect dextroamphetamine-induced increases in heart rate, blood pressure, cortisol, or prolactin. Disulfiram did enhance some of the subjective effects of dextroamphetamine including ratings of "high," "anxious," "bad drug effects," "want more drug" and "drug liking" and was also associated with decreased performance in the SART test. How these enhanced subjective amphetamine responses affect cocaine use behavior remains to be determined in future clinical trials.Disulfiram enhances subjective effects of dextroamphetamine in humans. Amphetamine abuse, especially methamphetamine, is an important public health problem in the US, with an estimated 1.4 million have reported methamphetamine use during the past year (SAMHSA, 2004). There are no approved pharmacotherapies for the treatment of amphetamine (Hill and Sofuoglu, 2007) or cocaine addiction, the other commonly used stimulant (Sofuoglu and Kosten, 2006). Given the similarities between the pharmacological effects of cocaine and amphetamines (Fischman et al., 1976), it is plausible that potential pharmacotherapies may be effective for both cocaine and amphetamine addiction. One of the promising medications for cocaine addiction is disulfiram (Antabuse), which has been shown to reduce cocaine abuse and relapse in outpatient clinical trials (Carroll et al., 1993;Carroll et al., 2004;Carroll et al., 1998;George et al., 2000;Petrakis et al., 2000). Disulfiram is approved by the Food and Drug Mehmet Sofuoglu, Yale University, Department of Psychiatry, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, 950 Campbell Ave., Bldg. 36/116A4, West Haven, CT 06516, Phone: (203) Fax: (203) 937-3478, e-mail: Mehmet.Sofuoglu@yale.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the j...

show abstract

Subjective responses to d-amphetamine alone and after pimozide pretreatment in normal, healthy volunteers

Cited by 100 publications

References 25 publications

A D2 Antagonist Enhances the Rewarding and Priming Effects of a Gambling Episode in Pathological Gamblers

A D2 Antagonist Enhances the Rewarding and Priming Effects of a Gambling Episode in Pathological Gamblers

Acute Administration of d-Amphetamine Decreases Impulsivity in Healthy Volunteers

Disulfiram enhances subjective effects of dextroamphetamine in humans

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