Suboptimal HIV Testing Uptake Among Men Who Engage in Commercial Sex Work with Men in Asia

Jin, Hongkui; Friedman, M. Reuel; Lim, Sin How; Guadamuz, Thomas E.; Wei, Chongyi

doi:10.1089/lgbt.2015.0051

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Also, our multivariable analysis showed that alcohol consumption and drug use were not significantly associated with HIV testing, contrary to the finding of an RDS study among 243 YMSM aged 15 to 24 years in Chiang Mai, Thailand . However, we found that increasing number of male sex partners was associated with higher odds of having tested for HIV, a finding similar to that of other studies conducted among MSM in Cameroon, China and other Asian countries . It is likely that HIV testing behaviour reflects perceived risk of HIV infection among MSM; ones who have multiple male sexual partners may perceive themselves at high risk, while others who have never tested may not perceive themselves or their partners as “risky” .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…We estimated only half of the YMSM population in our study had recently tested for HIV, a lower figure compared to the proportion of MSM population aged 18 to 49 years who have tested for HIV and received their results in the past 12 months, reported from an RDS survey in four townships of Yangon, Mandalay, Pathein and Monywa in 2010 (62%, 95% CI: 55% to 70%) [57]. With evidence from research conducted in LMICs consistently indicating that YMSM are much less likely to access HIV testing as compared to older MSM [58][59][60][61], greater efforts are urgently needed to increase HIV testing coverage among this targeted population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors associated with HIV testing among young men who have sex with men in Myanmar: a cross‐sectional study

Pham

Aung

Paing³

et al. 2017

J Intern AIDS Soc

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IntroductionIn Myanmar, men who have sex with men (MSM) experience high risk of HIV infection. However, access to HIV testing and prevention services remains a challenge among this marginalized population. The objective of this study was to estimate population prevalence and correlates of prior HIV testing among young MSM (YMSM) and informs the development of HIV testing and intervention programmes that respond to the specific needs of this population.MethodsFive hundred and eighty‐five YMSM aged 18 to 24 years were recruited using respondent‐driven sampling (RDS) in a cross‐sectional survey conducted in six townships of Myanmar. RDS‐adjusted population estimates were calculated to estimate prevalence of HIV testing; RDS‐weighted logistic regression was used to examine correlates of HIV testing in the past 6 months and in a lifetime.ResultsThere were 12 participants who reported receiving a HIV‐positive test; of those, five were tested in the past 6 months. The RDS‐weighted prevalence estimates of lifetime (any prior) HIV testing was 60.6% (95% CI: 53.3% to 66.4%) and of recent (≤ 6 months) HIV testing was 50.1% (95% CI: 44.1% to 55.5%). In multivariable analysis, sexual identity was associated with lifetime but not recent HIV testing. Lifetime and recent HIV testing were associated with having three or more male sexual partners in the past 12 months (adjusted ORs (aORs) = 2.28, 95% CIs: 1.21 to 4.32 and 2.69, 95% CI: 1.59 to 4.56), having good HIV‐related knowledge (aORs = 1.96, 95% CIs: 1.11 to 3.44 and 1.77, 95% CI: 1.08 to 2.89), reporting high HIV testing self‐efficacy (aORs = 13.5, 95% CIs: 6.0 to 30.1 and 9.81, 95% CI: 4.27 to 22.6) and having access to and use of non‐HIV health‐related services in the past 12 months (aORs = 13.2, 95% CIs: 6.85 to 25.6 and 7.15, 95% CI: 4.08 to 12.5) respectively.Conclusions HIV testing coverage among YMSM aged 18 to 24 years old in Myanmar is still suboptimal. Integrated HIV testing and prevention services in existing health service provision systems with tailored HIV information and education programmes targeting YMSM to improve HIV‐related knowledge and self‐efficacy may help to promote regular HIV testing behaviour and contribute to sustainable control of the HIV epidemic among this marginalized population in Myanmar.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with HIV testing among young men who have sex with men in Myanmar: a cross‐sectional study

Pham

Aung

Paing³

et al. 2017

J Intern AIDS Soc

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“…We found that 50% of HMSW reported not testing for HIV in the past 12 months. Non-testing for HIV was common in prior studies from Asia and Africa [34][35][36]. A study of HMSW in Singapore found that only 27% had tested for HIV or STIs in the past 6 months [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study of HMSW in Singapore found that only 27% had tested for HIV or STIs in the past 6 months [34]. In China, only 48.6% of MSW who have sex with men had tested for HIV [35,36]. In Kenya, a study found low prevalence (26%) of recent HIV testing among MSW [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Work done in the Netherlands also found that majority of HMSW (63%) reported no recent history of HIV or STI testing compared with 32% of FSW [ 38 ]. However, most of these studies focused on MSW whose clients were male [ 35 – 37 ]. The higher HIV testing rate (86%) we found could be due to targeted HIV testing programs for FSW in Uganda [ 39 – 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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HIV and syphilis testing behaviors among heterosexual male and female sex workers in Uganda

et al. 2020

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Background: In Sub-Saharan Africa where HIV disproportionately affects women, heterosexual male sex workers (HMSW) and their female clients are at risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV and other STIs. However, few studies have described HIV and STI risk among HMSW. We aimed to assess and compare recent HIV and syphilis screening practices among HMSW and female sex workers (FSW) in Uganda. Methods: Between August and December 2019, we conducted a cross-sectional study among 100 HMSW and 240 female sex workers (FSW). Participants were enrolled through snowball sampling, and an interviewer-administered questionnaire used to collect data on HIV and syphilis testing in the prior 12 and 6 months respectively. Integrated change model constructs were used to assess intentions, attitudes, social influences, norms and self-efficacy of 3-monthly Syphilis and 6-monthly HIV testing. Predictors of HIV and syphilis recent testing behaviors were estimated using negative binomial regression. Results: We enrolled 340 sex workers of whom 100 (29%) were HMSW. The median age was 27 years [interquartile range (IQR) 25-30] for HMSW and 26 years [IQR], (23-29) for FSW. The median duration of sex work was 36 and 30 months for HMSW and FSW, respectively. HMSW were significantly less likely than FSW to have tested for HIV in the prior 12 months (50% vs. 86%; p = 0.001). For MSW, non-testing for HIV was associated with higher education [adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-2.50], poor intention to seek HIV testing (aPR 1.64; 95% CI 1.35-2.04), perception that 6-monthly HIV testing was not normative (aPR 1.33; 95% CI 1.09-1.67) and low self-efficacy (aPR 1.41; 95% CI 1.12-1.79). Not testing for syphilis was associated with low intention to seek testing (aPR 3.13; 95% CI 2.13-4.55), low self-efficacy (aPR 2.56; 95% CI 1.35-4.76), negative testing attitudes (aPR 2.33; 95% CI 1.64-3.33), and perception that regular testing was not normative (aPR 1.59; 95% CI 1.14-2.22). Conclusions: Non-testing for HIV and syphilis was common among HMSW relative to FSW. Future studies should evaluate strategies to increase testing uptake for this neglected sub-population of sex workers.

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Torque teno virus infection in male commercial sex workers in Surakarta Indonesia

Prasetyo¹,

Luvi²,

Hartono³

et al. 2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Suboptimal HIV Testing Uptake Among Men Who Engage in Commercial Sex Work with Men in Asia

Abstract: While one might expect a high HIV testing rate among MSMSW due to the risks associated with engaging in sex work, we found that HIV testing uptake is suboptimal among MSMSW in Asia. These results suggest that targeted HIV prevention and testing promotion among MSMSW are needed.

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Factors associated with HIV testing among young men who have sex with men in Myanmar: a cross‐sectional study

Factors associated with HIV testing among young men who have sex with men in Myanmar: a cross‐sectional study

HIV and syphilis testing behaviors among heterosexual male and female sex workers in Uganda

Torque teno virus infection in male commercial sex workers in Surakarta Indonesia

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