Substance Abuse: Clinical Identification and Management

Kulberg, Alan

doi:10.1016/s0031-3955(16)35005-2

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 76 publications

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“…As for the side-effects, there have been many reports regarding the use of anabolic steroids (Johnson, 1975;MacDougall, 1983), biosynthetic human growth hormone (Underwood, 1984), amphetamines (Bostwick, 1981;Kulberg, 1986), cocaine (Duda, 1986;Weiss, 1986), phenylpropanolamine (Bernstein and Diskant,1982;Fallis and Fisher, 1985), and so …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Asahi Shinbun Articles Relating to Doping among Athletes since World War II.

Araragi¹,

Omori²,

Iwata

1999

Jpn. J. Health Hum. Ecol

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Asahi Shinbun Articles Relating to Doping among Athletes since World War II.

Araragi¹,

Omori²,

Iwata

1999

Jpn. J. Health Hum. Ecol

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Teratogenic effect of cocaine and diazepam in CF1 mice

1991

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This study was conducted to determine the teratogenic effect of cocaine hydrochloride, alone or in combination with diazepam. Pregnant mice were administered cocaine hydrochloride at 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight intravenously (tail), and/or diazepam at 20 or 40 mg/kg b.w. by gavage. Combinations of diazepam and cocaine (20/10 and 40/20, respectively) were used. Significant reductions of fetal weight and length were found in the group treated with diazepam and cocaine (40/20). The incidences of incomplete ossification of sternebrae and skull bones, as well as delayed ossification of the paws, were significantly increased in the combination groups. Hydronephrosis and cryptorchidism were observed in the cocaine-treated groups, with the incidence of these malformations increasing significantly when diazepam was co-administered.

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Clinical Features and Management of Intoxication Due to Hallucinogenic Drugs

Leikin

Krantz

Zell-Kanter

et al. 1989

Med Toxicol Adverse Drug Exp

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Hallucinogenic drugs are unique in that they produce the desired hallucinogenic effects at what are considered non-toxic doses. The hallucinogenic drugs can be categorised into 4 basic groups: indole alkaloid derivatives, piperidine derivatives, phenylethylamines and the cannabinols. The drugs reviewed include lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), phencyclidine (PCP), cocaine, amphetamines, opiates, marijuana, psilocybin, mescaline, and 'designer drugs.' Particularly noteworthy is that each hallucinogen produces characteristic behavioural effects which are related to its serotonergic, dopaminergic or adrenergic activity. Cocaine produces simple hallucinations, PCP can produce complex hallucinations analogous to a paranoid psychosis, while LSD produces a combination of hallucinations, pseudohallucinations and illusions. Dose relationships with changes in the quality of the hallucinatory experience have been described with amphetamines and, to some extent, LSD. Flashbacks have been described with LSD and alcohol. Management of the intoxicated patient is dependent on the specific behavioural manifestation elicited by the drug. The principles involve differentiating the patient's symptoms from organic (medical or toxicological) and psychiatric aetiologies and identifying the symptom complex associated with the particular drug. Panic reactions may require treatment with a benzodiazepine or haloperidol. Patients with LSD psychosis may require an antipsychotic. Patients exhibiting prolonged drug-induced psychosis may require a variety of treatments including ECT, lithium and l-5-hydroxytryptophan.

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Substance Abuse: Clinical Identification and Management

Cited by 12 publications

References 76 publications

A Study of Asahi Shinbun Articles Relating to Doping among Athletes since World War II.

A Study of Asahi Shinbun Articles Relating to Doping among Athletes since World War II.

Teratogenic effect of cocaine and diazepam in CF1 mice

Clinical Features and Management of Intoxication Due to Hallucinogenic Drugs

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