Substance P, but not TRH, modulates the 5-HT autoreceptor in ventral lumbar spinal cord

Mitchell, Rory; Fleetwood-Walker, S.M.

doi:10.1016/0014-2999(81)90020-0

Cited by 91 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Platelet-derived 5HT will activate central 5HT receptors if it enters the cord. This includes 5HT autoreceptors on raphe-spinal nerve terminals, involved in the negative feedback inhibition of neurotransmission (Mitchell and Fleetwood-Walker, 1981). This interaction may account for the documented postinjury changes in TRH (Salzman et al, 1987b) and may explain the therapeutic properties of both 5HT antagonists (Zivin and Venditto, 1984;Salzman et al, in press) and exogenous TRH (Faden et al, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Serotonergic Response to Spinal Distraction Trauma in Experimental Scoliosis

Salzman¹,

Mendez²,

Dabney³

et al. 1991

Journal of Neurotrauma

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The effects of distraction injury to the spinal cord on serotonin (5HT) content and metabolism in a rat model of scoliosis were studied. Previous studies in this laboratory (Salzman et al., 1987a) have identified the 5HT response as a major component of the posttraumatic progression of spinal injury after impact trauma in the rabbit. The present study was designed to determine the universality of this response by examining a different model of injury in a different species. The results demonstrate that distraction trauma in the rat, like impact injury in the rabbit, is associated with a rapid and robust increase in the local spinal cord content and metabolism of 5HT and a long-term depletion of 5HT below the site of injury. The roles of the blood platelet and the raphe-spinal tract in the acute response and the disruption of axoplasmic transport during the chronic phase of injury are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Serotonergic Response to Spinal Distraction Trauma in Experimental Scoliosis

Salzman¹,

Mendez²,

Dabney³

et al. 1991

Journal of Neurotrauma

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“…It has been proposed that the coexisting neuroactive substances in the terminal are selectively released at the synaptic junction rather than released simultaneously indicating that they coexist but do not interact in any way with one another (Lundberg and Hokfelt, 1983). However, it has been demonstrated that, at least in the case of substance P and serotonin in the spinal cord, substance P enhances the effect of serotonin, suggesting that the two substances are probably released at the same time to facilitate their action (Mitchell and Fleetwood-Walker, 1981). The functional significance of the coexistence of two or more neuroactive substances in the same neuron or the same terminal is yet to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoamine synaptic structure and localization in the central nervous system

Maley

Engle

Humphreys

et al. 1990

J. Elec. Microsc. Tech.

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The monoamines dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, and serotonin as well as the diamine histamine have a widespread distribution in the central nervous system within synaptic terminals and nonsynaptic varicosities. In certain regions of the central nervous system the monoamines are contained in varicosities that have no synaptic specialization associated with them, suggesting a possible neuromodulatory role for some of the monoamines. The majority of monoamine labelled structures are synaptic terminals which are characterized by the presence of small, clear vesicles (40-60 nm) and large, granular vesicles (70-120 nm) within the terminal. A third population of vesicles--small, granular vesicles--which are visible only after histochemical staining, are probably the equivalent of the small, clear vesicles present after either autoradiographic or immunohistochemical labelling. Most monoamine containing terminals contact dendrites and dendritic spines and, less frequently, neuronal somata and other axons. Both asymmetrical and symmetrical membrane specializations are associated with monoaminergic terminals; however, asymmetrical contacts are the most frequent type found. These ultrastructural results indicate that monoamine containing terminals and varicosities in general share many common morphological features, but still have diverse functions.

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“…Substance P may act presynaptically to enhance 5-HT release (846), perhaps by blocking a 5-HT autoreceptor on its own terminals (491,496). The postsynaptic mechanisms of action of substance P, which are similar to those of TRH, suggest some additional possibilities.…”

Section: Functional Role Of Neurokinins In Modulating Motoneuronal Exmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic Control of Motoneuronal Excitability

Rekling

Funk

Bayliss

et al. 2000

Physiological Reviews

537

482

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Movement, the fundamental component of behavior and the principal extrinsic action of the brain, is produced when skeletal muscles contract and relax in response to patterns of action potentials generated by motoneurons. The processes that determine the firing behavior of motoneurons are therefore important in understanding the transformation of neural activity to motor behavior. Here, we review recent studies on the control of motoneuronal excitability, focusing on synaptic and cellular properties. We first present a background description of motoneurons: their development, anatomical organization, and membrane properties, both passive and active. We then describe the general anatomical organization of synaptic input to motoneurons, followed by a description of the major transmitter systems that affect motoneuronal excitability, including ligands, receptor distribution, pre-and postsynaptic actions, signal transduction, and functional role. Glutamate is the main excitatory, and GABA and glycine are the main inhibitory transmitters acting through ionotropic receptors. These amino acids signal the principal motor commands from peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal structures. Amines, such as serotonin and norepinephrine, and neuropeptides, as well as the glutamate and GABA acting at metabotropic receptors, modulate motoneuronal excitability through pre-and postsynaptic actions. Acting principally via second messenger systems, their actions converge on common effectors, e.g., leak K + current, cationic inward current, hyperpolarization-activated inward current, Ca 2+ channels, or presynaptic release processes. Together, these numerous inputs mediate and modify incoming motor commands, ultimately generating the coordinated firing patterns that underlie muscle contractions during motor behavior.

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Substance P, but not TRH, modulates the 5-HT autoreceptor in ventral lumbar spinal cord

Cited by 91 publications

References 4 publications

Serotonergic Response to Spinal Distraction Trauma in Experimental Scoliosis

Serotonergic Response to Spinal Distraction Trauma in Experimental Scoliosis

Monoamine synaptic structure and localization in the central nervous system

Synaptic Control of Motoneuronal Excitability

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