2020
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08847-7
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Substantial and sustained reduction in under-5 mortality, diarrhea, and pneumonia in Oshikhandass, Pakistan: evidence from two longitudinal cohort studies 15 years apart

Abstract: Background: Oshikhandass is a rural village in northern Pakistan where a 1989-1991 verbal autopsy study showed that diarrhea and pneumonia were the top causes of under-5 mortality. Intensive surveillance, active community health education and child health interventions were delivered in 1989-1996; here we assess improvements in under-5 mortality, diarrhea, and pneumonia over this period and 15 years later. Methods: Two prospective open-cohort studies in Oshikhandass from 1989 to 1996 (Study 1) and 2011-2014 (S… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…Childhood mortality in Oshikhandass decreased significantly from 1989 to 1996 [ 9 ], allowing families to focus more on helping surviving children grow and thrive. During this time, educational opportunities significantly improved in Oshikhandass, from there being 1 government high school for boys and 1 middle school for girls to the current situation of 9 early childhood education centers, 11 schools, and 2 colleges (up to class 12).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Childhood mortality in Oshikhandass decreased significantly from 1989 to 1996 [ 9 ], allowing families to focus more on helping surviving children grow and thrive. During this time, educational opportunities significantly improved in Oshikhandass, from there being 1 government high school for boys and 1 middle school for girls to the current situation of 9 early childhood education centers, 11 schools, and 2 colleges (up to class 12).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…From 1989 to 1996, all children under age 5 years in Oshikhandass were enrolled with parental consent in the prospective cohort of the Oshikhandass Diarrhea and Pneumonia Project. Local health workers visited families weekly until the child’s fifth birthday, out-migration, or death; data collection methods and variable definitions are described elsewhere [ 9 ]. These data were used to estimate the burden of child morbidity (number of diarrhea and pneumonia episodes divided by days of follow-up).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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