Subungual squamous cell carcinoma and exostosis in third toe – case report and literature review

Valero, José; Gallart, J.; González, David; Deus, Javier; Lahoz, M

doi:10.1111/jdv.12271

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Due to a rich arteriovenous network located in the subungual bed, subungual SCC is associated with a higher risk of local invasion and metastasis 3. The overall metastatic rate and presence of lymphadenopathy of Marjolin’s ulcer are 27.5% and 24.4%, respectively 14.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marjolin’s squamous cell carcinoma of the hallux following recurrent ingrown toenail infections

2017

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Marjolin's squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) affecting the toe is rare. Due to resemblance with benign conditions it can often result in misdiagnosis. We report a case of Marjolin's SCC affecting the proximal hallux in a patient with recurrent ingrown toenail infections. A 58-year-old woman with a background of wedge resections for ingrown toenail and distal phalanx amputation for osteomyelitis presented with pain and hyperkeratotic raised ulcer around the proximal phalanx. MRI scan revealed soft tissue mass infiltrating the proximal phalanx with biopsies confirming a SCC. The patient underwent first ray amputation and made a good clinical recovery and remains disease free. Due to clinical similarities with benign conditions, awareness of Marjolin's SCC as a potential diagnosis when treating patients with recurrent ingrown toenail is imperative. We recommend patients with recurrent ingrown toenail or ulceration with a background of chronic infection have biopsies performed to exclude potential malignancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is twice as common in men as it is in women. In approximately 50% of cases the exact aetiology is unknown, while other causes for SCC of the toe include distant metastases, human papilloma virus (HPV) or chronic infection 3. Other risk factors include chemical or physical microtrauma, excessive sunlight exposure and immunosuppression 3…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marjolin’s squamous cell carcinoma of the hallux following recurrent ingrown toenail infections

2017

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“…Metastasis to lymph node may occur years after treatment of the primary lesion making prognosis extremely poor, with recommended lymphadenectomy or radiotherapy. 1,10 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subungual squamous cell carcinoma

Padilha

Balassiano

Pinto

et al. 2016

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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Although subungual squamous cell carcinoma is rare, it is the most common primary malignant neoplasms in this location. The higher incidence occurs in the fingernails, but involvement of the toenails is also possible. Subungual squamous cell carcinoma often looks like other more common benign lesions, such as fungal infection, onychomycosis, or viral wart. These factors, together with a general lack of awareness of this disease among physicians, often result in delayed diagnosis. Therefore, it is underdiagnosed, with few reports in the literature. The authors present a case of a man with a diagnosis of subungual squamous cell carcinoma in the hallux, without bone involvement, which was submitted to the appropriate surgical treatment.

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“…Firstly, radiological features were considered to confirm the presence of SO (Figure 1). The technique followed in the study was performed by the same surgical team according to Valero's et al technique [18], which involved the digital nerve-block of the toe with mepivacaine at 1% ( Figure 2). A tourniquet was applied at the base of the toe to generate an adequate homeostasis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Socio-demographic data included the age (years), sex (male or female), height (cm), weight (kg) and body mass index (BMI; kg/cm 2 ) of the paediatric population diagnosed with SO [18].…”

Section: Sociodemographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Treatment on Subungual Osteochondromas in Paediatric Feet: A Case Series Study

Navarro‐Flores

López‐López

Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo

et al. 2020

JCM

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Subungual osteochondroma (SO) is an infrequent and non-malignant bone tumour of the distal phalanx, especially prominent in paediatric populations. The aim of this research was to describe a case series of paediatric feet with SO which received surgical treatments. The secondary purpose was to compare these descriptive data by sex distribution. Methods: Twenty-three paediatric feet with SO confirmed by clinical or radiological features received surgical treatment. Socio-demographic (age, sex, height, weight and BMI) and clinical features (side, location, tumour or pain presence, and nail lift before surgery, as well as recurrence and adverse effects at one month after intervention) were reported. Results: Regarding clinical features before intervention, the most frequent locations of SO were the first toe (86.8%) and the right lower limb (56.5%). In addition, the presence of the tumour, pain and nail lift showed a prevalence of 91.3%, 69.5% and 47% of the study sample, respectively. Considering clinical features at one month after intervention, the most frequent adverse effect was the pain presence (69.5%). In addition, one case (4.4%) presented ulceration. Only one patient (4.4%) suffered from recurrence with a new tumour. There were not statistically significant differences by sex distribution (p > 0.05). Conclusions: This novel study showed that surgery treatment for SO in paediatric populations presented a very low recurrence degree with minor adverse effects and without differences by sex distribution. Thus, further randomized clinical trials should be carried out in order to determine the effectiveness of this intervention in this special population.

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Subungual squamous cell carcinoma and exostosis in third toe – case report and literature review

Abstract: Chronic tissue irritation caused by microtrauma associated with subungual exostosis is the most probable aetiology of the case presented.

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Marjolin’s squamous cell carcinoma of the hallux following recurrent ingrown toenail infections

Marjolin’s squamous cell carcinoma of the hallux following recurrent ingrown toenail infections

Subungual squamous cell carcinoma

Surgical Treatment on Subungual Osteochondromas in Paediatric Feet: A Case Series Study

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