Successful aging, cognitive function, socioeconomic status, and leukocyte telomere length

Huang, Yi; Yim, Onn Siong; Lai, Poh San; Yu, Rongjun; Chew, Soo Hong; Gwee, Xinyi; Nyunt, Ma Shwe Zin; Gao, Qi; Ng, Tze Pin; Ebstein, Richard P.; Gouin, Jean‐Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.015

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This is a result of modifications in socio-environmental and biological factors during the human life course [2], with recent studies suggesting that some diets, economic status, the presence of a caregiver, are correlated with better aging [2][3][4][5][6]. Genetic signatures that predict the phenotypic outcome of exceptional long-living individuals are also identified [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive, functional, physical, and nutritional status of the oldest old encountered in primary care: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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Background: The oldest old (individuals over 90 years) are a fast-growing population. Characterizing their specificity would be helpful to adapt health care. This study aimed to characterize the cognitive, functional, nutritional, and physical status of individuals over 90. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of cross-sectional or cohort studies of individuals aged 90 years old or more, living at home or in a nursing home, in April 2018. Two reviewers selected eligible articles, extracted data, and evaluated the risk of bias (assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale). Results: The search strategy identified 3086 references; 35 articles were included referring to 8 cross-sectional and 27 longitudinal studies. Dementia was diagnosed in 30-42.9% of study participants, cognitive impairment in 12-50%, and 31-65% had no cognitive impairment. In terms of activities of daily living, 14-72.6% of individuals had no difficulty, 35.6-38% had difficulty, and 14.4-55.5% were dependent. For instrumental activities of daily living, 20-67.9% needed help. Regarding nutritional status, the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form mean score ranged from 10.3 (SD: 1.8) to 11.1 (SD: 2.4). Eight to 32% of individuals could not stand up from a chair, 19-47% could stand without the use of their arms; and 12.9-15% were not able to walk 4 m. Conclusions: These results suggest a heterogeneous population with a certain proportion of oldest old with a low level of disability. These findings suggest that a specific approach in the care of the oldest old could help prevent disability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive, functional, physical, and nutritional status of the oldest old encountered in primary care: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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“…Greater longevity is often linked with more years spent in a vulnerable period 2 . There is a significant variation, however, in the rate of deterioration in physical and cognitive functioning in older adults 3 . As a result of deterioration, ageing brings about a range of chronic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between socioeconomic status and cognitive functioning among older adults in Ghana

Nutakor

Dai

Zhou

et al. 2020

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Objectives: Extensive analysis of the associations between socioeconomic status and cognition has been conducted among older adults. However, it is not clear whether associations in high-income countries are similar in low-and middle-income countries. This research aims to investigate the association between the socioeconomic status of older adults in Ghana and their cognitive function by using a sample of older adults that is nationally representative. Methods: Data were obtained from a sample of older Ghanaian adults (50+) from the Study of Global AGEing and Adult Health Wave 1 (n = 3710) of the World Health Organization. Objectively, cognition was measured by verbal recall, verbal fluency, forward digit span, and backward digit span, while variations in cognition overall were evaluated against socioeconomic factors using linear regression. Results: Older age, older women, rural life, increasing memory difficulty, and being diagnosed with stroke were the most significant determinants of impaired cognitive function. Higher education and higher income were significantly associated with a better cognitive function than those with no formal education and low income. Conclusions: These results provide new evidence for public health programs in Ghana and other low-and middle-income countries to tackle cognitive impairments in growing populations.

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“…However, no further differences in other cognitive domains were found. One possible explanation is that not all domains are affected by SES-related factors; several studies focused on the effect of SES on cognition during aging, which measured cognitive functions using MMSE [45,46]. One of these studies found that higher SES can act as a protector factor of age-related decline in cognitive function; the second study found that cognitive impairments in the elderly are independent of SES status.…”

Section: Ses Effects On Cognitive Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Resting EEG, Hair Cortisol and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Older People with Different Perceived Socioeconomic Status

et al. 2020

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Successful aging depends upon several internal and external factors that influence the overall aging process. Objective and subjective socioeconomic status emerge as potential psychosocial factors in the ethiopathophysiology of aging-related disorders. Presumably, low socioeconomic status can act as a psychosocial stressor that can affect humans’ physiology via psychoneuroendocrine mechanisms, that may, in turn, affect the brain physiology. In resting-state electroencephalography (EEG), excess theta and delta activity has been related to cognitive decline and dementia. The main aim of this study was to analyze the effect of objective and subjective socioeconomic status (SES) on cognition and brain electrical activity through EEG measures. The present research constitutes a cross-sectional study with thirty healthy older adults (61–82 years old) separated into two clusters: high socioeconomic (HS) and low socioeconomic (LS) status; they were evaluated and compared in cognitive terms using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV). An EEG at rest was recorded to measure brain activity and, as an indicator of long-term stress exposure, hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) were measured. Our results show that lower SES is related to a worse performance in working memory tasks (p = 0.009), higher delta (p = 0.002) and theta power (p = 0.039), and lower alpha activity (p = 0.028). However, it seems that SES does not significantly affect HCC in this population of healthy older adults. The effects of SES on long-term cortisol exposure, brain electrical activity, and cognitive functions in healthy older people emphasize the role of psychosocial factors in aging from an integrative perspective that will allow us to implement better prevention programs to target cognitive decline in adults.

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Successful aging, cognitive function, socioeconomic status, and leukocyte telomere length

Abstract: Successful aging mediated the association between chronological age and telomere length  Lower socioeconomic status was associated with larger age-related decreases in telomere length  The cognitive functioning dimension of successful aging was uniquely related to telomere length

Cited by 23 publications

References 51 publications

Cognitive, functional, physical, and nutritional status of the oldest old encountered in primary care: a systematic review

Cognitive, functional, physical, and nutritional status of the oldest old encountered in primary care: a systematic review

Association between socioeconomic status and cognitive functioning among older adults in Ghana

Resting EEG, Hair Cortisol and Cognitive Performance in Healthy Older People with Different Perceived Socioeconomic Status

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