Successful immunization of naturally reared pigs against porcine cysticercosis with a recombinant oncosphere antigen vaccine

Abstract

Taenia solium causes cysticercosis in pigs and taeniasis and neurocysticercosis in humans. Oncosphere antigens have proven to be effective as vaccines to protect pigs against an experimental infection with T. solium. A pair-matched vaccination trial field, using a combination of two recombinant antigens, TSOL16 and TSOL18, was undertaken in rural villages of Peru to evaluate the efficacy of this vaccine under natural conditions. Pairs of pigs (n = 137) comprising one vaccinated and one control animal, were allocated to local villagers. Animals received two vaccinations with 200 μg of each of TSOL16 and TSOL18, plus 5 mg Quil-A. Necropsies were performed 7 months after the animals were distributed to the farmers. Vaccination reduced 99.7% and 99.9% (p < 0.01) the total number of cysts and the number of viable cysts, respectively. Immunization with the TSOL16–TSOL18 vaccines has the potential to control T. solium transmission in areas where the disease is endemic, reducing the source for tapeworm infections in humans.

Protection against Taenia pisiformis larval infection induced by a recombinant oncosphere antigen vaccine

“…In previous studies, most researchers have focused on other methods of vaccine production to control cysticercosis, such as recombinant vaccines Jayashi et al, 2012), synthesized peptide vaccines (Huerta et al, 2001;De Aluja et al, 2005;Cruz-Revilla et al, 2006;Gazarian et al, 2012), and phage vaccines (Betancourt et al, 2012). Recently, the efficacy of the oral vs injectable S3Pva-synthetic and S3Pvac-phage vaccines from Taenia solium were compared.…”

“…Studies using oncosphere antigens to elicit protective immunity against cysticercosis have been reported by several research groups (Jabbar et al, 2010;Gauci et al, 2012;Jayashi et al, 2012). The conjugation of ubiquitin to a target protein is a cascade enzymatic reaction involving an ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), an ubiquitinconjugating enzyme (E2 or UBC), and an ubiquitin-protein ligase (E3).…”

Vaccine development against theTaenia soliumparasite

“…The TSOL18 antigen used in the field trial described by Jayashi et al 8 and in the other laboratory and field-based vaccine trials, has been produced by expression in Escherichia coli. The antigen was expressed as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase (GST) via a pGEX plasmid vector.…”

“…6,7 Recently, we have demonstrated that a recombinant vaccine, produced in Escherichia coli, is highly effective at reducing T. solium pig infections under field conditions. 8 A number of host protective, recombinant antigens have been investigated as potential vaccines for use in pigs, including the S3P vaccine 9 and also antigens cloned from T. solium oncospheres. Larval oncosphere antigens have provided the highest levels of protection.…”

“…16 In addition, the TSOL18 antigen was shown to completely eliminate transmission of T. solium to pigs in a vaccine field trial conducted in the Mayo-Danay district of north Cameroon, 17 a region previously identified as having a high prevalence of T. solium. 18,19 A second, more recent vaccine field trial was undertaken in rural villages in the Morropon province of north-east Peru, 8 and again vaccination greatly reduced the total number of parasite cysts in immunized pigs (99.7% reduction compared with control pigs). incomplete reverse transcription during cDNA library construction.…”