Methods. Fifty-seven male Wistar rats were used. In in vitro study we examined whether tetrodotoxin (TTX), a Na + channel blocker, 4-DAMP, a muscarinic M 3 receptor antagonist, or neostigmine could affect c-EFS-induced contraction of the tracheal ring. In in vivo study, we examined whether c-ES of vagal nerve could increase maximum airway pressure (Pmax), and neostigmine could potentiate c-ES-induced Pmax.
Results. TTX and 4-DAMP completely inhibited c-EFS-inducedcontraction, while neostigmine potentiated c-EFS-induced contraction dose-dependently. Pmax was not increased by neostigmine.Pmax was not increased by 2-Hz c-ES, but increased by the addition of