Sudden Deafness Accompanied by Asymptomatic Mumps

Okamoto, Makito; Shitara, Toshiji; Nakayama, Meiho; Takamiya, H.; Nishiyama, Koichiro; Ono, Yoshiki; Sano, Hajime

doi:10.3109/00016489409127557

Cited by 45 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Thus, it may not be immediately recognized by the patients' guardians or even the patients themselves if hearing impairment is unilateral. Furthermore, previous studies demonstrated that the anti-mumps IgM antibody level is elevated in 5-7% of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss [12][13][14]. Fifteen patients were diagnosed with hearing loss due to asymptomatic mumps infection based on serological examinations in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

The clinical features and prognosis of mumps-associated hearing loss: a retrospective, multi-institutional investigation in Japan

Morita

Fujiwara

Fukuda

et al. 2017

Acta Oto-Laryngologica

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Conclusions:The majority of hearing loss due to mumps presents as unilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss, which is refractory to treatment. In rare cases of bilateral total deafness, cochlear implants were beneficial for speech perception. Vaccination against mumps is recommended to prevent mumps-associated hearing loss. Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical characteristics of hearing loss due to mumps and to evaluate hearing outcomes. Subjects and methods: The clinical parameters were analyzed under a retrospective multi-institutional study design in patients diagnosed with hearing loss due to mumps at the Otolaryngology departments of 19 hospitals between 1987 and 2016. Results: Sixty-seven patients with hearing loss due to mumps were enrolled. The study population consisted of 35 males and 32 females, ranging in age from 1 to 54, with a median age of 9.5 years. Sixty-three patients presented with unilateral, and 4 with bilateral hearing loss. Profound hearing loss was observed in 65 ears. Only one ear with severe hearing loss showed complete recovery. Four patients with bilateral hearing loss received cochlear implant surgery. Most of the patients with hearing loss due to mumps had no history of vaccination. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

The clinical features and prognosis of mumps-associated hearing loss: a retrospective, multi-institutional investigation in Japan

Morita

Fujiwara

Fukuda

et al. 2017

Acta Oto-Laryngologica

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“…Epidemiologic and Serologic Studies Mumps virus has been reported to cause sudden deafness, based on clinical and serologic studies, the latter demonstrating seroconversion or the appearance of mumps IgM antibodies [12][13][14][15][16][17] . However, many of these same studies found that mumps accounted only for a small fraction (less than 10%) of cases with ISSHL [13][14][15][16][17] .…”

Section: Analysis Of Evidence For and Against The Viral Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudden Deafness: Is It Viral?

Merchant

Durand

Adams

2008

ORL

165

120

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A number of theories have been proposed to explain the etiopathogenesis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL), including viral infection, vascular occlusion, breaks of labyrinthine membranes, immune-mediated mechanisms and abnormal cellular stress responses within the cochlea. In the present paper, we provide a critical review of the viral hypothesis of ISSHL. The evidence reviewed includes published reports of epidemiological and serological studies, clinical observations and results of antiviral therapy, morphological and histopathological studies, as well as results of animal experiments. The published evidence does not satisfy the majority of the Henle-Koch postulates for viral causation of an infectious disease. Possible explanations as to why these postulates remain unfulfilled are reviewed, and future studies that may provide more insight are described. We also discuss other mechanisms that have been postulated to explain ISSHL. Our review indicates that vascular occlusion, labyrinthine membrane breaks and immune-mediated mechanisms are unlikely to be common causes of ISSHL. Finally, we review our recently proposed theory that abnormal cellular stress responses within the cochlea may be responsible for ISSHL.

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“…Unlike in idiopathic sudden deafness, mumps-virusinduced deafness has been considered to be permanent [13] although a more favorable prognosis has also been described [8]. Serological evidence, diagnostic antibody rise or positive mumps IgM antibodies also support the idea that a recent mumps virus infection is associated with the disease [10,14]. Even stronger evidence for a direct role of mumps virus as a causative agent of sudden deafness came from the study by Westmore et al [15], who were able to isolate live mumps virus from the inner ear of one patient suffering from an acute hearing loss.…”

Section: Mumps Measles and Rubella Virusesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Sudden Deafness and Viral Infections

Pitkäranta

Vasama

Julkunen

1999

Otorhinolaryngol Nova

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Sudden deafness is a dramatic and relatively common otological problem. The etiology in most cases remains unresolved although virus involvement has strong support. Sudden deafness has been associated with mumps, rubella, the respiratory and herpes groups of viruses as well as other more rare ones like hantavirus and Lassa virus. Perhaps the bestknown example of virus-induced sudden deafness is acute unilateral hearing loss associated with mumps virus infection. Mumps virus has also been isolated from the inner ear suggesting a direct virus-induced cytolytic mechanism for deafness. Herpesviruses are neurotropic and they have a tendency to become chronic. Therefore they have been strong candidates for viruses being responsible for acute hearing loss. Although serological associations have been found in certain studies, convincing evidence for the involvement of herpes and varicella-zoster viruses as agents causing direct cochlear damage and hearing loss in humans is missing. A number of case reports have associated sudden deafness to rubella, adeno- and hantavirus infections. Multiple studies showing no association of viruses with sudden deafness may reflect seasonal, geographical or epidemiological differences in this disease. This may also bring up the possibility of other etiological factors such as general inflammatory or autoimmune mechanisms for the disease. Histopathological changes in the affected ears are characterized by abnormal cellular architecture in the inner ear with loss of apical and spiral ganglion cells and destruction of the organ of Corti. Similar histopathological changes have been found in experimental animal models infected with mumps, rubella or herpesviruses. Histopathological observations could favor the theory of viral etiology in idiopathic sudden deafness but do not rule out the possibility of immunological disturbances, which would lead to similar histopathological changes.

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Sudden Deafness Accompanied by Asymptomatic Mumps

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

The clinical features and prognosis of mumps-associated hearing loss: a retrospective, multi-institutional investigation in Japan

The clinical features and prognosis of mumps-associated hearing loss: a retrospective, multi-institutional investigation in Japan

Sudden Deafness: Is It Viral?

Sudden Deafness and Viral Infections

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