Suicide and Homo Duplex an Interpretation of Durkheim's Typology of Suicide*

Hynes, Eugene

doi:10.1111/j.1533-8525.1974.tb01867.x

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…(b) A way of unifying egoism and altruism is to posit a ''U''-shaped relationship between integration and suicide where both high and low degrees of integration are associated with high rates of suicide and an optimum balance between them minimizes suicide rates. Although this interpretation is commonly found in the literature (Lester 1992:388;Pescosolido and Georgianna 1989:34, 45;Breault and Barkey 1982;Pope 1976:14, 57;Heyns 1975;Douglas 1967), it is not in accord with Durkheim's theory of altruistic suicide.…”

Section: Definition Of Integrationmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Macro-Micro Relationships in Durkheim's Analysis of Egoistic Suicide

Berk

2006

Sociological Theory

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Contemporary theory is increasingly concerned with macro-micro integration. An attempt is made to integrate these levels of analysis in Durkheim's theory of egoistic suicide. Does Durkheim's theory, which is a social system analysis designed to explain differences in suicide rates between groups, have micro implications for specifying which particular individuals within the group will take their lives? In attempting to answer this question by exploring the causal linkages between integration and suicide, Durkheim's theory of egoistic suicide was revealed not to be a singular theory but rather contained several different explanations. The numerous interpretations have resulted from his incompletely specified, inconsistent, unsystematized, and inadequately tested theory. These ambiguities also account for the historically inconsistent research findings that have limited sociologists' ability to advance beyond Durkheim's century-old formulations. Further areas for new research and illustrative hypothesis are suggested.

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Section: Definition Of Integrationmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Thus, Durkheim's ambiguous and 7 Douglas asserts ''the only disagreement between Durkheim and his predecessors was over the question of just how the moral state of society was related to individual actions of suicide' ' (1967:16). See also Heyns (1975). 8 Gibbs andMartin (1958, 1964).…”

Section: Definition Of Integrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macro-Micro Relationships in Durkheim's Analysis of Egoistic Suicide

Berk

2006

Sociological Theory

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“…Several writings by Durkheim provide significant underpinnings to the sociological study of deviance. Despite the volume of works, his perception of humans as a homo duplex has remained unchanged (Hynes, ). Durkheim (1914/) recognized the two conflicting yet interacting aspects of being.…”

Section: Literature Review and Hypothesis Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The socialization process assimilates individuals within the social system and shifts their egoistic tendencies toward the social side of their homo duplex nature (Durkheim, 1914/; Hynes, ). According to Durkheim (), individuals should lean toward collective life and have a strong sense of their social groups to gain clear insights about them.…”

Section: Individual‐level Moderator Of the Effects Of Income Level Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Social integration is generated through shared values, norms, and support as well as increased interaction and interdependence of activities that bind individuals into powerful social systems (Maimon & Kuhl, ; Olsen, ; Thorlindsson & Bernburg, ). Social integration directs individuals toward the social identity of their homo duplex nature (Durkheim, 1914/; Hynes, ). A well‐integrated society provides a collective mentality as well as resources that provide individuals with communal strength (Durkheim, 1897/).…”

Section: Country‐level Contextual Moderators Of the Effects Of Incomementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross‐national assessment of the effects of income level, socialization process, and social conditions on employees’ ethics

Tuliao

Chen

Yeh

2019

Business Ethics: A Eur Rev

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Employees often experience ethical dilemmas throughout their service in an organization. This study utilized a multilevel standpoint to address employees’ differences in ethical reasoning. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to analyze responses from 40,485 full‐time employees across 54 countries. Drawing from Durkheim's concepts of the homo duplex, socialization process, and social conditions, this study found a positive relationship between employees’ income level and unethical reasoning. Furthermore, the results indicate that modern social regulation, technological advancement, economic development, and economic change moderate the relationship between income and ethical judgment. The study findings contribute to the Durkheimian model by validating the effects of individual‐ and country‐level factors on employees’ ethicality. Considering that the results contradict Durkheim's initial propositions, another concept and theory are proposed, which may complement Durkheim's arguments. Practical implications for organizations and society are further discussed to reinforce employees’ ethics.

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A Qualitative Exploration of South Korean Emerging Adults’ Perspectives on Death and Suicide Through Short Stories

Prinsloo

2019

Omega (Westport)

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Despite the alarming suicide rate among South Korean emerging adults, relatively little is known about their unfettered perspectives on death and suicide. Therefore, an innovative data collection technique was developed to apprehend the meanings that emerging adults attribute to death and suicide in their explorations of the phenomena through a selection of short stories. A convenience sample ( N = 114) responded to a survey in which participants transferred their feelings toward death and suicide to characters or events in the short stories. A qualitative content analysis revealed relatively permissive perspectives toward death and suicide. Negative perspectives on death are associated with societal victimization and positive perspectives with naturalistic fatalism. Positive perspectives on suicide are overwhelmingly rooted in existential, individual choices while negative perspectives focus on societal pressures. These perspectives contribute to illuminating tensions between traditionalist collectivism and contemporary individualism in Korean society that could inform suicide prevention initiatives for emerging adults.

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Suicide and Homo Duplex an Interpretation of Durkheim's Typology of Suicide*

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Macro-Micro Relationships in Durkheim's Analysis of Egoistic Suicide

Macro-Micro Relationships in Durkheim's Analysis of Egoistic Suicide

Cross‐national assessment of the effects of income level, socialization process, and social conditions on employees’ ethics

A Qualitative Exploration of South Korean Emerging Adults’ Perspectives on Death and Suicide Through Short Stories

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