Suicide attempts in the county of Basel: results from the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behaviour

Muheim, F.; Eichhorn, Martin; Pascal, Berger; Czernin, S; Stoppe, Gabriela; Merle, Keck; Riecher-Rössler, Anita

doi:10.4414/smw.2013.13759

Cited by 20 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Our results are in line with such findings, showing higher prevalence rates of suicide attempts among women (8.1%) than men (5.1%), whereas the rates for suicidal ideation were almost identical (42.2% vs. 38.8%). A recent study of Muheim et al [23] also found nearly twice as many suicide attempts in women than in men with a peak between ages 20-24 years. Our prevalence rate of 6.6% for suicide attempts (women and men) ranks between the 4.1% found in the NCS-A study of adolescents in the USA [24] and the 8.2% reported among 36757 17 year-olds in France [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Suicidality in the prospective Zurich study: prevalence, risk factors and gender

Angst

Hengartner

Rogers

et al. 2014

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Our prospective Zurich study found that suicidal ideation had occurred in 40.5 % and suicide attempts in 6.6 % of the population by age 50. Important gender differences were found in both suicidality and its risk factors. Suicide attempts were earlier and more frequent among women than among men: 70 versus 44 % reported their first suicide attempt before 20. For women, the relative risk of suicide attempts was 1.6, but the relative risk of suicidal ideation was about equal (1.1 for women). The main risk factors for suicidal ideation in women were low social support (OR 4.0) and frequent punishment in childhood (OR 3.7), and in men, a depressive (OR 6.5) and an anxious personality (OR 4.6). The main risk factors for suicide attempts in women were a broken home (OR 10.2) and sexual abuse/violence (OR 7.9) in childhood; in men, no multivariate analyses of suicide attempt were conducted because of insufficient statistical power. AbstractOur prospective Zurich Study found that suicidal ideation had occurred in 40.5%and suicide attempts in 6.6% of the population by age 50. Important gender differences were found in both suicidality and its risk factors. Suicide attempts were earlier and more frequent among women than among men: 70% vs 44% reported their first suicide attempt before 20.For women the relative risk of suicide attempts was 1.6, but the relative risk of suicidal ideation was about equal (1.1 for women). The main risk factors for suicidal ideation in women were low social support (OR=4.0) and frequent punishment in childhood (OR=3.7), and in men a depressive (OR=6.5) and an anxious personality (OR=4.6). The main risk factors for suicide attempts in women were a broken home (OR=10.2) and sexual abuse/violence (OR=7.9) in childhood; in men no multivariate analyses of suicide attempt were conducted because of insufficient statistical power.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Suicidality in the prospective Zurich study: prevalence, risk factors and gender

Angst

Hengartner

Rogers

et al. 2014

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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“…Psychiatric disorder, especially depression, has been found to be present in up to 90% of those who complete suicide (Cavanagh et al, 2003), and it has been argued that this figure, though high, is an underestimate (Ernst et al, 2004;Flavio et al, 2013;Zhang & Li, 2013). Other factors associated with suicide are physical ill-health, male gender (though the opposite is true in DSH), older age, living alone, recent major life events, childhood maltreatment, alcohol misuse, and increased hopelessness (Hawton & van Heeringen, 2009;Nock et al, 2008).…”

Section: Risk Factors For Suicidementioning

confidence: 99%

Future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis

Goodby

MacLeod

2015

British J Clinic Psychol

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ObjectivesThis study employed the Future Thinking Task (MacLeod et al., 2005, Br. J. Clin. Psychol., 44, 495) to investigate whether future‐directed thinking in first‐episode psychosis is significantly different from that of matched controls, and to identify its correlates in this patient group.DesignCross‐sectional, mixed‐model, case–control design.MethodParticipants were 30 patients with first‐episode psychosis and 27 matched controls. The Future Thinking Task was used to assess future‐directed thinking in both groups. Anxiety and depression were also measured as well as self‐report measures of hopelessness, suicide ideation and a measure of negative symptoms.ResultsIndividuals with psychosis were impaired in future‐directed thinking in both positive and negative domains, particularly with respect to the coming year. Increased self‐reported hopelessness was associated with reduced positive future thinking and increased negative future thinking. Increased positive future thinking was also associated with reduced severity of negative symptoms, whilst negative future thinking was associated with suicide ideation.ConclusionsIndividuals with first‐episode psychosis show a reduction in positive future thinking in line with that seen in other clinical groups, but this is accompanied by an unexpected reduction in negative future thinking. The findings suggest a general disengagement with the future in this group that may affect recovery and functioning.Practitioner points Individuals with first‐episode psychosis may benefit from interventions to help them engage with their future, in particular in the mid‐range, up to 1 year. The Future Thinking Task may be a helpful addition to the assessment of suicide risk in those with first‐episode psychosis. Decreased positive future thinking was associated with increased severity of negative symptoms, indicating a potential new treatment angle for this resistant aspect of psychosis. The cross‐sectional design of this study does not allow for conclusions about the causal relationship between psychosis and future‐directed thinking. This study investigated future‐directed thinking in individuals with a range of psychotic illnesses employing a trans‐diagnostic approach; therefore, conclusions cannot be drawn about the nature of future‐directed thinking in individual psychotic disorders.

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“…Further sources were the Psychiatric University Clinics as the main psychiatric treatment center in the area, the hospitals surrounding Basel-City, and all psychiatrists in private practice in Basel-City. All of these sites were already referring patients to the clinical epidemiological WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behavior (Muheim et al, 2013); hence, a mechanism for recruitment was already established and functioning effectively at the beginning of the current study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For patients who declined participation or who did not show up for the scheduled interview, at minimum sociodemographic and basic clinical data, which were recorded for the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study and which did not rely on informed consent and participation of the patient (Muheim et al, 2013), were available and were used for comparison with our study group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The psychiatrist obtained basic sociodemographic and clinical data of the patient as well as information about the suicide attempt (e.g., the method) using the brief epidemiological clinical interview protocol of the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behavior in the Canton Basel-City (Muheim et al, 2013). Results of this representative study, which was covering the time period between January 2003 and December 2006, have been published recently (Muheim et al, 2013). For our study the patients of the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study were invited to take part in additional interviews to examine the reasons for the suicide attempt in more detail.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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