“…They are constituents of many pharmaceuticals and natural products, which reveal wide range of biological activity . Within a long‐term research program aimed at developing pharmaceutically active materials, synthesis of substituted pyridines are of special implication because of varied biological activities such as anticancer , antimicrobial , antibacterial , antifungal , anti‐inflammatory , antioxidant activity , cytotoxicity , and anti‐HIV . Thus, the synthesis of polysubstituted pyridine derivatives have fascinated many researchers, and several approaches have been pursued using catalysts, such as K 2 CO 3 , NaH , Et 3 N , [bmIm]OH , ZnCl 2 , DBU , MgO , KF/Al 2 O 3 , H 3 BO 3 , and NaOH .…”