Sulfated Polysaccharide from Digenea simplex Decreases Intestinal Inflammation in Rats

Abstract

Sulfated polysaccharides derived from seaweeds have important biological activities. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effect of a sulfated polysaccharide extracted from the seaweed Digenea simplex (Wulfen) C. Agardh 1822 on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rats. After inducing colitis, rats were euthanized, and the colon was excised to determine macroscopic lesion scores and wet weight and to histologically evaluate and quantify glutathione, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, nitrate/nitrite, and cytokines. The polysaccharide, composed of β-D-galactose and 3,6-α-L-anhydrogalactose residues, reduced wet weight as well as macroscopic and microscopic lesion scores. It also reduced myeloperoxidase activity; reduced proinflammatory cytokines, malondialdehyde, and nitrate/nitrite levels; and preserved glutathione consumption in the colon. According to these results, we can infer that the sulfated polysaccharide derived from D. simplex has an anti-inflammatory effect on induced colitis in vivo.

Polissacarídeos naturais como abordagem terapêutica experimental no trato gastrointestinal: uma revisão sistemática

“…Já o TNBS atua como um hapteno, que na sua forma solúvel livre, não pode estimular as células B e, por este motivo, não é considerada imunogênica, todavia, quando acoplada à uma proteína carreadora, o complexo hapteno-carreador ativa não apenas as células B, como também as células T auxiliares, e estimula a via de produção de anticorpos. Logo, o TNBS ao se ligar às proteínas teciduais pode desencadear uma resposta imunológica muito parecida com o que ocorre nos casos de colite (Monturil, et al, 2020).…”

“…Esse padrão anti-inflamatório e antioxidante também pode ser observado em estudos conduzidos com algas marinhas como: Hypnea musciformis (Brito, et al, 2016); Flammuliana velutipes (Zhang, et al, 2020); Caulerpa sp. (Lucena, et al, 2018); Digenea simplex (Wulfen) C. Agardh (Monturil, et al, 2020); Gracilaria caudata (Dutra, et al, 2021); e Gracilaria birdiae (Brito, et al, 2014). A análise dos estudos mostrou que uso de polissacarídeos para tratamento de colite tem muitas vantagens, tais como segurança, efeitos definitivos e poucas reações adversas.…”

Seaweeds and Corals from the Brazilian Coast: Review on Biotechnological Potential and Environmental Aspects

“…Compound 24 (Figure 7) is composed of β-D-galactose and 3,6-α-L-anhydrogalactose residues and was found to reduce wet weight and macroscopic and microscopic lesion scores. The myeloperoxidase activity, proinflammatory cytokines, malondialdehyde, and nitrate/nitrite levels were also reduced by compound 24, which preserved glutathione consumption in the colon [60].…”

“…Compound 24 (Figure 7) is composed of β-D and 3,6-α-L-anhydrogalactose residues and was found to reduce wet weight a scopic and microscopic lesion scores. The myeloperoxidase activity, proinflamm tokines, malondialdehyde, and nitrate/nitrite levels were also reduced by com which preserved glutathione consumption in the colon [60]. The lectin extracted from Bryothamnion triquetrum had its anti-inflammato investigated in mice using several classical models of inflammation.…”