Sulfonated poly(fluorenyl ether ketone nitrile) electrolyte membrane with high proton conductivity and low water uptake

Sulfonated poly (fluorenyl ether ketone nitrile) membranes used for high temperature PEM fuel cell

“…Although some polyaryl heterocyclic compounds (such as polyimide, polybenzimidazole, polybenzoxazine, etc.) and organic-inorganic composite membranes have been successfully prepared, more membrane materials with low price, high proton conductivity and good mechanical strength need to be developed, especially under high temperature operation conditions [ 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Direct polymerization of a novel sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone sulfone)/sulfonated poly(vinylalcohol) crosslinked membrane for direct methanol fuel cell applications

“…This method has many advantages, such as controllable DS, accurate number of sulfonic acid groups in each repeating unit of the polymer [28][29][30][31], and avoidable crosslinking and degradation reactions [32,33]. Novel C-SPAEKS-based crosslinked membranes with different contents of SPVA were fabricated.…”

Nitrile functionalized graphene oxide for highly selective sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile)-based proton-conducting membranes

“…As is known, the cyano group that is "strongly polar" can increase the intermolecular interaction between the polymer chains and make the membranes more compact, which is favorable for the reduction of methanol permeability without signicantly decreasing the conductivity. [28][29][30] Thus, the cyano group is introduced into GO, which is expected to improve the interfacial adhesion and compatibility of GO and SPEN, resulting in composite membranes with a good balance between methanol permeability and proton conductivity. Moreover, the amide bonds are designed as a bridging group between GO and the matrix, which not only can be easily constructed, but also form hydrogen bonds with sulfonic acid groups, providing more proton transport channel for the hopping of protons.…”