Sulphate attack and ettringite formation in the lime and cement stabilized marine clays

Rajasekaran, G.

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2004.08.012

Cited by 216 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Vapno je najčešće upotrebljavan aditiv za stabilizaciju ekspanzivnog tla jer poboljšava mehanička svojstva tla [1]. Danas u literaturi možemo naći mnogo informacija o tom postupku [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Neki znanstvenici koristili su otpadni materijal za stabilizaciju tla, uključujući ostatke kamena plovučca [12], keramičku prašinu [13], cementnu prašinu [14], ostatke keramičkih pločica [15], pepeo rižinih ljuski [16], stakleni otpad [17] i ostalo.…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

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Utjecaj fosfogipsa na čvrstoću ekspanzivnog tla stabiliziranog vapnom

2014

JCE

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Section: Uvodunclassified

“…Zbog prisutnosti fosfogipsa, ubrzane su pucolanske reakcije [26,63,64]. Formiranje etringita zahtijeva visoki pH okoline [6], koji je u ovom slučaju prisutan zbog vapna. S povećanjem razdoblja njegovanja, fosfogips je utrošen u formiranje etringita.…”

Section: Mehanizam Stabilizacije Tla Vapnom Uz Dodatak Fosfogipsaunclassified

Utjecaj fosfogipsa na čvrstoću ekspanzivnog tla stabiliziranog vapnom

2014

JCE

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“…Several researchers have worked on the studying the effects of lime on soil properties including strength and modulus (Bell, 1996;Garzón, Cano, O`Kelly, & Sánchez-Soto, 2016), mineralogy and microstructure (Aldaood, Bouasker, & Al-Mukhtar, 2014b;Rajasekaran, Murali, & Srinivasaraghavan, 1997;Rajasekaran & Rao, 1997), permeability and compressibility (Rajasekaran & Rao, 2002a, 2002b and swell control (Aldaood, Bouasker, & Al-Mukhtar, 2014a;Seco, Ramírez, Miqueleiz, & García, 2011). Others have worked on the various parameters that influenced lime stabilization of soils including curing conditions (Al-Mukhtar, Lasledj, & Alcover, 2010a;Al-Mukhtar et al, 2010b;Aldaood et al, 2014b;George, Ponniah, & Little, 1992;Nasrizar, Muttharam, & Illamparuthi, 2010b), placement water content (Nasrizar, Muttharam, & Illamparuthi, 2010a), pulverization quality of soil (Bozbey & Garaisayev, 2010), strain rates (Alzubaidi & Lafta, 2013) and extreme soil and weathering conditions (Aldaood, Bouasker, & Al-Mukhtar, 2014c, 2014dKinuthia, Wild, & Jones, 1999;Rajasekaran, 2005;Stoltz, Cuisinier, & Masrouri, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strength and microstructure of micro ceramic dust admixed lime stabilized soil

James¹,

Pandian²

2018

rdlc

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The use of micro ceramic dust (CD) as an additive to lime in soil stabilization has been analysed in this study. CD was obtained by crushing and sieving of waste ceramic tiles from construction debris. The initial consumption of lime (ICL) for soil modification was determined using Eades and Grim pH test. In order to study the effect of lime content on soil stabilization, three different lime contents (below ICL, ICL and above ICL) were used for stabilizing the soil. These three lime contents were amended with various amounts of CD to study its effect on the strength of the stabilized soil. Unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests were carried out on the stabilized soil specimens of dimensions 38mm x 76mm at different ages of curing. The spent UCS samples were crushed and sieved to carry out Atterberg limits and free swell tests followed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests for determining changes in microstructure. The results indicated that the addition of CD resulted in a marginally negative influence on the early strength of the stabilized soil at three days of curing whereas it enhanced the delayed strength of the soil at 28 days of curing, gaining between 12-14% strength. The effect of CD on the plasticity and swell-shrink of lime stabilized soil indicated a further reduction in plasticity and swell-shrink nature. The mineralogy of the amended soil revealed the formation of CSH and CAH minerals responsible for strength gain. SEM images used to analyse the microstructure of the virgin and stabilized soil, indicated the formation of a dense and compact microstructure. Finally, it was concluded that CD can be adopted as an auxiliary additive to lime in stabilization of expansive soil with provision of sufficient curing and the delayed onset of early strength due to CD can be overcome by using higher lime content in stabilization.Key words: Expansive soil, lime stabilization, ceramic dust, strength, mineralogy, microstructure Resumen El uso de polvo de cerámica micro (CD) como un aditivo a la cal en la estabilización del suelo se ha analizado en este estudio. El CD se obtuvo triturando y tamizando las baldosas cerámicas de desecho de los desechos de la construcción. El consumo inicial de cal (ICL) para la modificación del suelo se determinó usando Eades y Grim pH test. Con el fin de estudiar el efecto del contenido de cal sobre la estabilización del suelo, se utilizaron tres contenidos diferentes de cal (por debajo de ICL, ICL y superior ICL) para estabilizar el suelo. Estos tres contenidos de cal fueron modificados con varias cantidades de CD para estudiar su efecto sobre la resistencia del suelo estabilizado. Se realizaron pruebas de resistencia a la compresión no confinada (UCS) en las muestras de suelo estabilizado de dimensiones 38 mm x 76 mm a diferentes edades de curado. Las muestras de UCS gastadas se trituraron y se tamizaron para llevar a cabo los límites de Atterberg y las pruebas de hinchamiento libre seguidas por difracción de rayos X (XRD) y microscop...

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“…Nowadays, most research on saline soil stabilization focuses on sulfate saline soil (Rajasekaran, 2005), and only a few studies have considered chloride saline soil. Cement is currently the major stabilizer for saline soil; however, the stabilization effect on cement-treated sulfate saline soil was unsatisfactory because of the formation of ettringite, which can swell and undermine the structure of the stabilized soil (Wattanasanticharoen, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory investigation of the strength development of alkali-activated slag-stabilized chloride saline soil

Yin

Zhu

et al. 2016

J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A

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Saline soil stabilization is being increasingly applied in foundation treatment engineering. Chloride saline soil obtained from sites and laboratory-made chloride soil (ZS) with various NaCl concentrations prepared artificially were stabilized using alkali-activated slag (AS). A series of unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), thermal gravity-differential thermal gravity (TG-DTG), and ion concentration tests were conducted to investigate the strength variation and mechanism of the AS-stabilized chloride saline soils. The results showed that NaCl has a significant influence on the strength of AS-stabilized chloride saline soil and the strength of AS-stabilized ZS (GZS) increases with increase of chloride content in soil samples. Friedel's salt (Fs) and NaOH are generated by the reaction of NaCl and CaO·Al 2 O 3 (CA) in the slag in the GZS. Fs can fill the pores in stabilized soil, and NaOH can promote calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) generation. These two effects combine to enhance the strength of GZS. The relationship between the rate of increase of 28-d UCS of AS-stabilized chloride saline soil and the chloride content in soil was obtained through regression analysis of the increase of UCS of GZS.

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Sulphate attack and ettringite formation in the lime and cement stabilized marine clays

Cited by 216 publications

References 47 publications

Utjecaj fosfogipsa na čvrstoću ekspanzivnog tla stabiliziranog vapnom

Utjecaj fosfogipsa na čvrstoću ekspanzivnog tla stabiliziranog vapnom

Strength and microstructure of micro ceramic dust admixed lime stabilized soil

Laboratory investigation of the strength development of alkali-activated slag-stabilized chloride saline soil

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