Sunscreen application at the beach

Lademann, J.; Schanzer, Sabine; Richter, Heike; Pelchrzim, R. von; Zastrow, L.; Golz, K.; Sterry, Wolfram

doi:10.1111/j.1473-2130.2004.00107.x

Cited by 64 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Lademann et al [90] determined the amount of sunscreen present on the skin of people at the beach. The amounts of sunscreen applied to different body sites were quantitatively determined by TS.…”

Section: Uv Absorbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tape-Stripping Technique as a Method for Drug Quantification in Skin

Merino-Sanjuán²,

et al. 2008

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-Quantification of drugs within the skin is essential for topical and transdermal delivery research. Over the last two decades, horizontal sectioning, consisting of tape stripping throughout the stratum corneum, has become one of the traditional investigative techniques.Tape stripping of human stratum corneum is widely used as a method for studying the kinetics and penetration depth of drugs. This paper shows the applications of the tape stripping technique to quantify drug penetration through the skin, underlining its versatile application in the area of topical and transdermal drugs.

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Section: Uv Absorbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tape-Stripping Technique as a Method for Drug Quantification in Skin

Merino-Sanjuán²,

et al. 2008

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunburn Protection by Sunscreen Sprays at Beach

Ouyang

Rzendzian

2017

Cosmetics

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Background: The efficacy of sunscreen is evaluated by SPF values, which are quantitatively determined in laboratories on the backs of human subjects according to a standardized procedure. However, SPF cannot be directly translated to sunburn protection under real-life situations because actual efficacy depends on various factors related to human behaviors and environmental conditions. This study clinically evaluated the efficacy of two sunscreen sprays (SPF 30 and SPF 70) under natural sunlight exposure on healthy subjects at the beach. Methods: Twenty subjects were divided into two cells for the two sunscreen sprays (SPF 70 and SPF 30) in a single-center, actual usage test. The primary endpoint of the study was sunburn protection on the dorsal arms and the secondary endpoint was protection on the face and neck. Subjects stayed at the beach for 4 h after application of the sunscreens with normal beach activities. Subjects' behavior at the beach, the amounts of sunscreen applied and reapplied, and environmental conditions were all recorded. Results: There was no significant sunburn for a majority of the subjects in either cell. However, neither sunscreen completely blocked the sunburn, especially the face/neck area. We found that the SPF 70 sunscreen was more effective than the SPF 30 sunscreen. Conclusion: Modern sunscreen sprays, applied liberally, are effective in providing sunburn protection for the body in a beach setting.

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“…This clearly shows that subjects in this beach study applied sunscreen liberally and frequently. It also indicates that they may apply the sunscreen spray formulation more often than they do lotions/creams [3][4][5]. Clinical sunburn grading (Table 3) shows no clear erythema on the dorsal forearm on the following day except for one subject of skin type II in the SPF 30 cell.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sunburn Protection by Sunscreen Sprays at Beach

Ouyang¹,

Rzendzian²

2017

Preprint

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Background: The efficacy of sunscreen is evaluated by SPF values, which are quantitatively determined in laboratories on the backs of human subjects according to a standardized procedure. However, SPF cannot be directly translated to sunburn protection under real-life situations because actual efficacy depends on various factors related to human behaviors and environmental conditions. This study clinically evaluated the efficacy of two sunscreen sprays (SPF 30 and SPF 70) under natural sunlight exposure on healthy subjects at the beach. Methods: Twenty subjects were divided into two cells for the two sunscreen sprays (SPF 70 and SPF 30) in a single-center, actual usage test. The primary endpoint of the study was sunburn protection on the dorsal arms and the secondary endpoint was protection on the face and neck. Subjects stayed at the beach for 4 h after application of the sunscreens with normal beach activities. Subjects' behavior at the beach, the amounts of sunscreen applied and reapplied, and environmental conditions were all recorded. Results: There was no significant sunburn for a majority of the subjects in either cell. However, neither sunscreen completely blocked the sunburn, especially for the face/neck area. We found that the SPF 70 sunscreen was more effective than the SPF 30 sunscreen. Conclusion: Modern sunscreen sprays, applied liberally, are effective in providing sunburn protection for the body in a beach setting.

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Sunscreen application at the beach

Abstract: In real life, at the beach, very little sunscreen remains present on the skin.

Cited by 64 publications

References 20 publications

The Tape-Stripping Technique as a Method for Drug Quantification in Skin

The Tape-Stripping Technique as a Method for Drug Quantification in Skin

Sunburn Protection by Sunscreen Sprays at Beach

Sunburn Protection by Sunscreen Sprays at Beach

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