99mTc gel generators based on zirconium molybdate-99Mo: III: Influence of preparatory conditions of zirconium molybdate-99Mo gel on generator performance

Saraswathy, P.; Sarkar, Suman; Arjun, G.; Nandy, S. K.; Ramamoorthy, N.

doi:10.1524/ract.92.4.259.35585

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Molybdenum trioxide (MoO 3 ), zirconium oxychloride (ZrOCl 2 -8H 2 O), hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, methyl ethyl ketone, saline were procured from commercial sources and used without further purification. The zirconium molybdate gel was prepared in house adopting the procedure reported earlier [29,30]. Zirconium molybdate gel generator is a dual column generator system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then it is supplied to many nuclear medicine centers, where 99m Tc is separated from the 99 Mo by using the methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) solvent extraction method. India has begun commercial supply of zirconium molybdate gel generators in the last decade [29,30]. Preparation of 99 Mo in the neutron irradiation of preformed natural zirconium molybdate gel and separation of 99m Tc has its demerits of poor yields and high 99 Mo breakthrough [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of 99Mo from the 100Mo(γ, n) reaction and chemical separation of 99mTc

Gopalakrishna¹,

Naik

Suryanarayana

et al. 2015

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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The radionuclide 99 Mo has been prepared by 100 Mo(c, n) reaction using two types of natural molybdenum compound (molybdenum trioxide and zirconium molybdate gel) with the bremsstrahlung end-point energies of 10 and 15 MeV. After the equilibrium, 99m Tc was separated as NaTcO 4 from the irradiated samples using two different chemical procedures to examine the chemical yield. The separated Na[ 99m Tc]TcO 4 from the ZrMo gel has the 99Mo breakthrough of \10 -4 %, radiochemical purity[99 % as well as chemical impurities of Al, Mo and Zr \ 10 ppm. The estimation of 99 Mo and 99m Tc was done by using off-line c-ray spectrometric technique. The chemical yield of the separated 99m Tc from the dissolved molybdenum trioxide is 70.7-75.2 %, whereas in the undissolved zirconium molybdate gel, it is 19.1-43 %. The second method is preferable because it is user friendly in hospital radiopharmacy throughout the shelf-life.Keywords Medical isotope 99 Mo-9m Tc Á 100 Mo(c,n) reaction Á Molybdenum trioxide Á Zirconium molybdate gel Á Off-line c-ray spectrometric technique Á Chemical yield

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of 99Mo from the 100Mo(γ, n) reaction and chemical separation of 99mTc

Gopalakrishna¹,

Naik

Suryanarayana

et al. 2015

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

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“…[12131415161718] (η, γ) Mo-99 was converted into insoluble ZrMo-99 with mole ratio of reactant Mo: Zr was 1:1.25 and pH of the precipitate was adjusted to 4-5 with 4 N NaOH. The dried gel was disintegrated with normal saline, re-dried using IR lamp under suction to obtain free flowing gel granules.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The preparation of ZrMo-99 gel matrix involves several challenging radiochemical processing steps such as precipitation, filtration, drying, disintegration, washing and handling of ZrMo-99 gel powder. [910111213141516171819] The processing of large scale ZrMo-99 gel of reproducible quality is hence a challenging task for remote operation and automation, which have been overcome in Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology (BRIT). [1213141516] The indigenous facility has four shielded plant (with 100 mm lead shielding) connected in series comprising of remotely operated gadgets for transferring sodium molybdate (Mo-99) solution for precipitation with ZrOCl 2 ·8H 2 O solution in a reaction vessel, filtration of ZrMo-99 gel precipitate using specially fabricated Buchner funnel under vacuum, transferring and discharge of gel precipitate to a pneumatic-driven ZrMo-99 collection dish, keeping the dish in a microwave oven for drying gel, specially designed dispenser for dispensing particular volume of dry gel powder in glass column stationed in an indexer table, sealing of gel column and loading of gel columns into the pre-assembled generator housing etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigenous technology development and standardization of the process for obtaining ready to use sterile sodium pertechnetate-Tc-99m solution from Geltech generator

et al. 2013

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Purpose of the Study:The indigenous design and technology development for processing large scale zirconium molybdate-Mo-99 (ZrMo-99) Geltech generator was successfully commissioned in Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology (BRIT), India, in 2006. The generator production facility comprises of four shielded plant facilities equipped with tongs and special process gadgets amenable for remote operations for radiochemical processing of ZrMo-99 gel.Results:Over 2800 Geltech generators have been processed and supplied to user hospitals during the period 2006-2013. Geltech generator supplied by BRIT was initially not sterile. Simple elution of Tc-99m is performed by a sterile evacuated vial with sterile and pyrogen free 0.9% NaCl solution to obtain sodium (Tc-99m) pertechnetate solution. A special type online 0.22 μm membrane filter has been identified and adapted in Geltech generator.Conclusions:The online filtration of Tc-99m from Geltech generator; thus, provided sterile Tc-99m sodium pertechnetate solution. Generators assembled with modified filter assembly were supplied to local hospital in Mumbai Radiation Medicine Centre (RMC) and S.G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital) and excellent performances were reported by users.

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“…Monroy-Guzmán et al [41] , [43] , descreveu o processo de produção de gerador de gel MoZr desde a preparação do alvo, sua irradiação, preparação, filtração, secagem e quebra do gel e a calibração dos geradores. Saraswathy et al [44] , mostraram a preparação de um gerador de 23 GBq de 99 Mo montado em uma coluna com 6 g de gel de MoZr acoplado a uma coluna de alumina ácida de 2 g (para reter o 99 Mo). As ótimas condições do preparo do gel foram: pH 4 a 5, razão molar de Zr:Mo de 1,25:1 e a quebra com solução de NaCl 0,9 %.…”

Section: Coluna De Gerador De Gelunclassified

Estudos de técnicas de concentração da atividade de 99mTc eluído de geradores de 99Mo/99mTc tipo gel

Suzuki¹

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On average 80% of the radiopharmaceuticals used in Nuclear Medicine are labeled with 99m Tc due to its physical properties and easy attainment through of 99 Mo/ 99m Tc generators. The Directory of Radiopharmacy (DIRF) of IPEN-CNEN/SP developed a gel type chromatographic generator of MoZr with 99 Mo produced by 98 Mo(n,γ) 99 Mo reaction that occurs at the IEA-R1 Nuclear Reactor. The gel is composed of zirconium molibdate with elution volume of 12 mL with an activity of 11100 MBq (300 mCi) producing a radioactive concentration of 925 MBq (25 mCi)/mL. The fission generator gives a higher radioactive concentration around 1850 MBq (50 mCi)/mL. The aim of this work is to study a system of post-elution concentration of 99m Tc for the attainment of a high enough radioactive concentration to meet the demands of the market, with a proved quality. Two types of systems of post-elution concentration were developed: the single and the tandem. The most appropriate system for the gel generator of 99 Mo/ 99m Tc, being at the same time sterile and vacuum automated, was the tandem system using Dionex 2.5 cc/QMA cartridges. The gel generator is eluted with 10 mL of solution of 0.1% NaCl and the pertechnetate anion is retained in the QMA cartridge and further eluted with 4 mL of saline. The process takes no more than 30 minutes. The elution efficiency of the system of concentration was 90 %. At the beginning of 2009 a global crisis in the supply of 99 Mo took place making it necessary the development of alternative technologies for the production of 99 Mo/ 99m Tc generators using fission produced 99 Mo and the development of an appropriate method to extend the useful life of this generator. The results of this study showed that the same system developed for the post-concentration of the gel generator can be employed for the fission generator, using the tandem system, giving a concentration factor of 3 for the elution of 99m Tc. LISTA DE FIGURAS FIGURA 1 Curva de decaimento e crescimento do gerador de 99 Mo/ 99m Tc

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^99mTc gel generators based on zirconium molybdate-⁹⁹Mo: III: Influence of preparatory conditions of zirconium molybdate-⁹⁹Mo gel on generator performance

Abstract: The effect of subtle variations on zirconium molybdate-Gels exhibiting optimum characteristics were found to be formed at a pH of 4-5 by reacting [Zr]:[Mo] in the mole ratio of 1.25:1 and after drying, the product was dispersed into granules by disintegration with normal saline.

Cited by 18 publications

References 10 publications

Preparation of 99Mo from the 100Mo(γ, n) reaction and chemical separation of 99mTc

Preparation of 99Mo from the 100Mo(γ, n) reaction and chemical separation of 99mTc

Indigenous technology development and standardization of the process for obtaining ready to use sterile sodium pertechnetate-Tc-99m solution from Geltech generator

Estudos de técnicas de concentração da atividade de 99mTc eluído de geradores de 99Mo/99mTc tipo gel

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