Supercapacitors for electric rail transit systems

Khodaparastan, Mahdiyeh; Mohamed, Azah

doi:10.1109/icrera.2017.8191189

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The electrical characteristics of super capacitors highly depend on the selection of the electrolyte and electrode materials [43]. Super capacitors have several advantages, such as high energy efficiency (~95%), large charge/discharge current capacity, long lifecycle (>50000), high power density (>4000) and low heating losses [36], [43], [45], [39], [47]. However the maximum operating voltage of ultra-capacitors is very low and they suffer from high leakage current.…”

Section: ) Super Capacitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Electric Rail Transit Systems

Khodaparastan

Mohamed

Brandauer

2019

IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst.

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200

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Electric rail transit systems are large consumers of energy. In trains with regenerative braking capability, a fraction of the energy used to power a train is regenerated during braking. This regenerated energy, if not properly captured, is typically dumped in the form of heat to avoid overvoltage. Finding a way to recuperate regenerative braking energy can result in economic as well as technical merits. In this comprehensive paper, the various methods and technologies that were proposed for regenerative energy recuperation have been analyzed, investigated and compared. These technologies include: train timetable optimization, energy storage systems (onboard and wayside), and reversible substations.Index Terms-Onboard energy storage, regenerative braking, reversible substation, wayside energy storage.

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Section: ) Super Capacitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Electric Rail Transit Systems

Khodaparastan

Mohamed

Brandauer

2019

IEEE Trans. Intell. Transport. Syst.

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200

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“…SCs, due to their high power density, are used in applications that require high peak power in a short period of time with frequent charge and discharge cycles [20][21][22][23]. Despite its high-performance parameters, application of SCs in a rail transportation system should be monitored carefully to prevent accelerated ageing.…”

Section: Supercapacitor Energy Storage System (Scess)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The objective of this optimization is to obtain sizes and type of ESS, in order to capture/contribute to the magnitude of energies specified in (1) and (2), so as to incur a minimum capital and operating cost. The capital and running costs are demonstrated in (22) and (23), respectively:…”

Section: Flywheel Energy Storage System (Fess)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A basic cost-benefit analysis has been performed by using (22), (23), and (26), to estimate a payback period for the installed storage technologies. This evaluation considers the capital and operating costs of the ESSs to be the expenses incurred over the cost saving in terms of energy and peak power, to obtain an approximate time after which a return on investment can be expected.…”

Section: Payback Time Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Dual-Stage Modeling and Optimization Framework for Wayside Energy Storage in Electric Rail Transit Systems

et al. 2020

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In this paper, a dual-stage modeling and optimization framework has been developed to obtain an optimal combination and size of wayside energy storage systems (WESSs) for application in DC rail transportation. Energy storage technologies may consist of a standalone battery, a standalone supercapacitor, a standalone flywheel, or a combination of these. Results from the dual-stage modeling and optimization process have been utilized for deducing an application-specific composition of type and size of the WESSs. These applications consist of different percentages of energy saving due to regenerative braking, voltage regulation, peak demand reduction, estimated payback period, and system resiliency. In the first stage, sizes of the ESSs have been estimated using developed detailed mathematical models, and optimized using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). In the second stage, the respective sizes of ESSs are simulated by developing an all-inclusive model of the transit system, ESS and ESS management system (EMS) in MATLAB/Simulink. The mathematical modeling provides initial recommendations for the sizes from a large search space. However, the dynamic simulation contributes to the optimization by highlighting the transit system constraints and practical limitations of ESSs, which impose bounds on the maximum energy that can be captured from decelerating trains.

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“…Due to several economical and technological factors, the integration of IT infrastructures that support the timely exchange of data into the electrical grids is growing fast. Also, today's power electric systems are equipped with different power storage technologies [4], [5] that may lead to different security concerns. Consequently, power grids dependency on Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) have made them vulnerable to various types of cyber attacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hardware-In-The-Loop Vulnerability Analysis of a Single-Machine Infinite-Bus Power System

Salehghaffari

Khodaparastan

2019

2019 IEEE Power &Amp; Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)

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The dynamic performance of the generators is a critical factor for the safe operation of the power grid. To this extent, the stability of the frequency of generators is the target of cyber attacks since its instability may lead to sizable cascade failures in the whole network. In this paper, we perform the vulnerability analysis in a developed power grid Hardware-In-The-Loop (HITL) testbed with a Wago 750-881 PLC sending control commands to the generators and a 750 Feeder Management Relay connected to a local load. A process-aware coordinated attack is demonstrated by spoofing control commands sent by the PLC and the relay to the simulated power system which is modeled as a single-machine infinite-bus (SMIB). Based on the reachability analysis, the attacker can find the optimal attack signal to drive the system state out of their safe set of values. Thereafter, it is experimentally demonstrated that the attacker does not need to send attack signal continuously if he implements a carefully designed coordinated attack on the PLC and the relay. The presented assessments provide information about the best time to launch an attack in order to destabilize the power system.

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Supercapacitors for electric rail transit systems

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Electric Rail Transit Systems

Recuperation of Regenerative Braking Energy in Electric Rail Transit Systems

A Dual-Stage Modeling and Optimization Framework for Wayside Energy Storage in Electric Rail Transit Systems

Hardware-In-The-Loop Vulnerability Analysis of a Single-Machine Infinite-Bus Power System

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