Superconducting Magnets for Particle Accelerators

Abstract

Superconductivity has been the most influential technology in the field of accelerators in the last 30 years. Since the commissioning of the Tevatron, which demonstrated the use and operability of superconductivity on a large scale, superconducting magnets and rf cavities have been at the heart of all new large accelerators. Superconducting magnets have been the invariable choice for large colliders, as well as cyclotrons and large synchrotrons. In spite of the long history of success, superconductivity remains a difficult technology, requires adequate R&D and suitable preparation, and has a relatively high cost. Hence, it is not surprising that the development has also been marked by a few setbacks.This article is a review of the main superconducting accelerator magnet projects; it highlights the main characteristics and main achievements, and gives a perspective on the development of superconducting magnets for the future generation of very high energy colliders.To be published in Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology, Vol. 5Geneva, Switzerland CERN-ATS-2013-019February 2013 Superconductivity has been the most influential technology in the field of accelerators in the last 30 years. Since the commissioning of the Tevatron, which demonstrated the use and operability of superconductivity on a large scale, superconducting magnets and rf cavities have been at the heart of all new large accelerators. Superconducting magnets have been the invariable choice for large colliders, as well as cyclotrons and large synchrotrons. In spite of the long history of success, superconductivity remains a difficult technology, requires adequate R&D and suitable preparation, and has a relatively high cost. Hence, it is not surprising that the development has also been marked by a few setbacks. This article is a review of the main superconducting accelerator magnet projects; it highlights the main characteristics and main achievements, and gives a perspective on the development of superconducting magnets for the future generation of very high energy colliders.

Electron-phonon coupling in La3In under pressure

“…The theoretically calculated effect of pressure & spin-orbit coupling (SOC) on the superconducting properties of La 3 In has not been reported before. While AB 3 intermetallic compounds showing conventional superconductivity have long been associated with superconducting magnets [14], Berggren et al have explored the feasibility of superconducting quantum computers [15]. Under applied positive hydrostatic pressure the shift in dispersion relation, along with a variation in α 2 F(ω), phonon DOS, average electron-phonon coupling constant, superconducting transition temperature, and α 2 F(ω)/F(ω) was studied.…”

Development of a 120-mm Aperture Nb3Sn Dipole Coil With Stress Management

“…IGH-field and/or large-aperture dipole and quadrupole magnets based on Nb 3 Sn superconductor are needed for various accelerator systems of future hadron and muon colliders [1], [2]. High currents and strong magnetic fields lead to large Lorentz forces and, thus, to significant mechanical strains and stresses which can degrade or even permanently damage brittle Nb 3 Sn coils.…”

Using additive manufacturing technologies in high-field accelerator magnet coils

“…A strong magnetic field with good field quality in the aperture is required for a stable trajectory of particle beams. SC magnets based on NbTi superconductor with the nominal magnetic fields up to 7-8 T were developed and used in the circular colliders such as Tevatron, HERA, RHIC, LHC [1]. An interest to accelerator magnets with higher field continues.…”