Supercontinuum pulse measurement by $$\hbox {KNbO}_{3}$$ KNbO 3 nanoneedle based cross-correlation frequency-resolved optical gating (XFROG)

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the sum-frequency properties of potassium niobate (KNbO 3 ) nanoneedles. Based on the results, we achieve a rough Cross-correlation frequencyresolved optical gating (XFROG) measurement of super-continuum pulses, including the pulse's' time/frequency-dependent intensity. This approach is promising in several aspects: First, due to the nanometer scale, the phase matching constraint can be naturally satisfied over the wide band of SC spectra, and the phase-matching apparatus can be eliminated. Meanwhile, the phase-matching modulation is more straightforward, which makes the measurement system more accessible for common users. Therefore, our KNbO 3 nanoneedles based XFROG approach provides a feasible choice for SC pulses estimation.