Superplastic, Quick‐Bonding Endodontic Mixtures and Their Hydration

Abstract

The aim of this study was to synthesize and characterize new superplastic endodontic mixtures (named as ALBO‐MPSA) with strongly accelerated hydration rate. Two different ALBO‐MPSA mixtures were prepared using combination of hydrothermal and high‐temperature self‐propagating method. Phase analysis of the mixtures, before and after hydration, was carried out by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), while morphological analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Investigations of mechanical properties showed that new superplastic, quick‐bonding endodontic mixtures with good mechanical properties were obtained (compressive strength after 28 days aging was from 35.7 ± 0.5 and 37.4 ± 0.5 MPa). The final phase compositions after hydration of the mixtures were determined on the base of XRD data, assumed mechanism of hydration and rational chemical analysis. The constitutive phases were tobermorite, portlandite, and amorphous Ca(OH)2, ettringite and amorphous like ettringite phase, gypsum, hydroxyapatite and barite.

Subchronic Systemic Toxicity of New Endodontic Material Based on Calcium Hydroxyapatite and Calcium Silicates

“…Harmful effects are explained by the presence of small amounts of arsenic in the MTA material [12] which exceed the level recommended by the International Organization for Standardization [36][37][38][39]. is makes the present study, together with the previous biocompatibility studies of the new endodontic material ALBO-MPSA [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], very important as they give evidence about safety of the new material which would be used in the future in dental practice as an alternative to more toxic currently available materials.…”

“…An analysis of hematological parameters of blood after 120 days revealed no significant differences between the experimental and control groups. ere was no myelotoxic effect or autoimmune effect on peripheral blood cells which may be due to the fact that that the tested material was not in contact with blood [13,22] but also due to the chemical composition of the material whose biocompatibility has already been confirmed in many studies [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

“…e test material ALBO-MPSA is composed of 40% hydroxyapatite, 20% calcium silicates, 20% gypsum, and 20% BaSO 4 as a radiocontrast agent. Hydroxyapatite and calcium silicates were synthesized using the nanotechnology approach, as it was described in detail in our previous references [14][15][16], while gypsum dihydrate and BaSO 4 were purchased from Whip Mix Corporation, USA, and Merck, Germany, respectively. Detailed physicochemical characterization of HA-CS was given previously [14].…”

“…In an attempt to develop appropriate endodontic cement, a new material based on hydroxyapatite and calcium silicates (ALBO-MPSA) has been synthesized a few years ago using the nanotechnology approach [14].…”

“…e biocompatibility of ALBO-MPSA has been thoroughly studied and confirmed at in vitro and in vivo conditions and compared to MTA [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. e aim of this paper was to further examine ALBO-MPSA biocompatibility, over the subchronic toxicity study.…”