Supine dynamic simulation and latex pillow design for Chinese women based on finite element method

Abstract

The ergonomics on body pressure distribution of latex product design is the future trend in bedding product design. The numerical simulation of latex pillow compression performance is critical for the optimal design of bedding products. This paper reports the use of the finite element method to simulate the compression performance of latex foam and the design of latex pillows based on the pressure distribution and displacement changes of the human pillow system. The compression performance, shear performance and tensile performance of the latex foam are tested, and the stress and strain images of three mechanical experiments are obtained. Combined with the experimental results, three methods of ‘hyper foam test data, hyper foam model parameter method and low-density foam method’ were used to perform uniaxial compression simulation on bedding latex foam using the finite element software ABAQUS. The simulation results and experimental values were fitted and analyzed. The analysis found that the low-density foam simulation method has the largest R2, which is 0.9871, and the simulation result is the most accurate. The optimal simulation method was selected to simulate the dynamic pressure changes and cervical displacement of the human head and latex pillow models, as well as the simulation experiments with latex pillows of different heights. The curve is fitted to obtain the second-order polynomial equations of pressure and cervical socket displacement. In contrast, it can be concluded that latex pillow products with a neck height of 100 mm are better for the supine position of younger adult women in China.

Computational Biomechanics of Sleep: A Systematic Mapping Review

“…The first focused on the microgravity [ 41 ], while the second one targeted on Down syndrome [ 42 ]. A Google Scholar search for grey literature yielded four results, totaling 27 studies conclusive for qualitative synthesis in this review [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ].…”

“…In light of this, two studies simplified the work into two-dimensional models while developing three models [ 51 , 70 ]. One study reconstructed the encapsulated soft tissue of the head–neck complex from an individual at the 50th percentile from a random sample of 63 adult females [ 49 ]. Recent research aimed to develop subject-specific, comprehensive, anatomically detailed, 3D models [ 53 , 64 ], as shown in Figure 6 .…”

“…Among the five studies in this category, two investigated the designs of pillows [ 49 , 64 ], while three targeted the designs of mattresses ( Table 2 and Figure 5 b). All studies only considered the supine lying posture.…”

“…They reported extension and lordosis trends of the neck with increasing pillow heights but have not indicated which pillow height is more advantageous. Chen et al [ 49 ] designed a B-shaped pillow with two peak heights at 48 and 65 mm, based on the head–neck curvature during standing, and simulated elevations of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mm. Chen et al [ 49 ] concluded that an overall elevation of 35.9 mm (based on regression) could be the optimal pillow height since it closely approximated the same head–neck curvature following compression.…”

“…Chen et al [ 49 ] designed a B-shaped pillow with two peak heights at 48 and 65 mm, based on the head–neck curvature during standing, and simulated elevations of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mm. Chen et al [ 49 ] concluded that an overall elevation of 35.9 mm (based on regression) could be the optimal pillow height since it closely approximated the same head–neck curvature following compression. Nevertheless, they reported a skeptical V-shaped trend on the stress of the neck.…”