Supplemental Calcium Application Influences Potato Tuber Number and Size

Özgen, Şenay; Palta, Jiwan P.

doi:10.21273/hortsci.40.1.102

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We have evidences supporting the idea that the impact of environmental stresses on potatoes can be reduced by improving calcium nutrition (Palta 1996;Tawfik et al 1996;Vega et al 1996;Kleinhenz and Palta 2002). Furthermore, our studies also suggest that Ca can modulate hormone type of responses in potatoes such as influencing the tuberization signal (Ozgen et al 2003;Ozgen and Palta 2004;Vega et al 2006). …”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Improving Potato Tuber Quality and Production by Targeted Calcium Nutrition: the Discovery of Tuber Roots Leading to a New Concept in Potato Nutrition

Palta

2010

Potato Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Calcium plays a major role in plant growth and development and in the maintenance and modulation of various cell functions, especially related to membrane structure and function and to cell wall structure. Calcium stabilizes cell membranes by bridging polar head groups of phospholipids at the membrane surface. Calcium is also an integral part of the cell wall where it provides stable intra-molecular linkages between pectin molecules, resulting in cell wall rigidity. A change in the cytosolic calcium concentration is also known to provide a cellular signal that regulates metabolism and mediates plant responses to stresses.Calcium deficiency is pervasive among fruit and tuber crops because calcium moves with water in the xylem and very little water moves to fruit and tuber tissues as compared to leaves. The water potential gradient within the potato plant favors xylem transport to the foliage since tubers are surrounded by moist soil. As a result, the calcium concentration is much higher in foliage than in the tuber. In our early work, we demonstrated that water and calcium taken up by the main root system bypass the tubers and are delivered to the above-ground portion of the plant, and roots arising from the stolons and tubers supply calcium to the tubers. Tuber calcium concentration can therefore be increased by selectively feeding tubers with calcium nutrients during tuber bulking period. The discovery of tuber roots has led to the development of a new concept in potato nutrition. We have demonstrated that in-season fertilization with calcium increases tuber calcium and lowers incidence of physiological disorders such as internal brown spot, hollow heart, and bruising. Localized tissue calcium deficiencies are implicated as mechanisms initializing cell death and tissue necrosis leading to internal brown spot and hollow heart in potatoes. There is also strong evidence for reducing storage rot by increasing tuber calcium. Finally, tuber calcium is important for the health of the sprout and of the tuber skin.

show abstract

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Improving Potato Tuber Quality and Production by Targeted Calcium Nutrition: the Discovery of Tuber Roots Leading to a New Concept in Potato Nutrition

Palta

2010

Potato Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a greenhouse experiment, Ozgen and Palta (2005) found that Ca application decreased the number of tubers per plant. Total yield was not affected by Ca, but the decrease in tuber number was accompanied by an increase in tuber size.…”

Section: Treatment Effects In 2002 and 2003 On Tuber Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potato Yield and Tuber Set as Affected by Phosphorus Fertilization

Rosen

Bierman

2008

Am. J. Pot Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A 3 year field study on a loamy sand soil with medium to high soil test phosphorus (P) concentrations (25 to 33 mg kg −1 Bray P1) was conducted to evaluate the effect of P fertilizer rate, source, and timing, and starter nitrogen (N) rate on potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Russet Burbank) yield, tuber size, tuber set, petiole P concentration, and P uptake and distribution within the plant. Nine fertilizer treatments compared banded P rates of 0, 37, 42, and 74 kg P ha −1 , the P sources monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP), P banded at planting vs. split applications at planting and emergence, and starter N rates of 38 and 66 kg N ha −1 . Phosphorus fertilizer application increased total tuber yield and yield of undersized tubers (tubers less than 85 g), but decreased the proportion of large-sized tubers (greater than 285 g). Due to the increases in small, unmarketable tubers, P fertilizer application did not have a significant effect on marketable tuber yield (tubers greater than 85 g). The total number of tubers per plant and the number of undersized tubers were also higher, and the number of large tubers was lower, when P was applied compared with the zero P control. Both the number and yield of undersized tubers increased as P application rate increased. Petiole P concentrations were generally consistent with the rate of P applied, but they varied by year in magnitude and their pattern through the season. Petiole P was positively correlated with the number of tubers per plant, but only correlated for 1 year with differences in total yield. Phosphorus application increased total P uptake due primarily to an increase in tuber P concentration.Increases in total uptake and tuber P increased as P application rate increased, but differences in uptake were small relative to the amounts of P applied. Phosphorus source and timing and starter N rate did not consistently affect tuber yield, number, or size, petiole or tuber P concentration, and P uptake. The results of this study indicate that P nutrition can play an important role in regulating tuber set.Resumen Un estudio de campo en suelo arcillo-arenoso, con concentraciones mediana a alta de fósforo (P) (25 a 33 mg kg −1 Bray P1) se realizó durante tres años para evaluar el efecto de dosis de fertilizante, fuentes de P, control del tiempo y dosis inicial de nitrógeno (N) con papa (Solanum tuberosun L. cv. Russet Burbank) sobre el rendimiento, tamaño del tubérculo, número de tubérculos por planta, concentración de P en el pecíolo y absorción de P y su distribución dentro de la planta. Nueve tratamientos con fertilizantes compararon el P aplicado en bandas a las dosis de 0, 37, 42 y 74 kg P ha −1 , las fuentes de fosfato mono amónico (MAP) y fosfato di amónico (DAP), el P aplicado a la siembra con aplicaciones divididas a la siembra y a la emergencia y dosis de inicio de N de 38 y 66 kg N ha −1 . La aplicación de fertilizante con fósforo aumentó el rendimiento total de tubérculos y de tubérculos pequeños (menos de 85 g), pero disminuyó la propo...

show abstract

“…This proved that calcium signaling pathway is dominant in the tuberization and further growth (Upadhyaya et al, 2013). It is established fact that the Ca 2+ is a second messenger in several plant signaling pathways, adding extracellular stimuli to intracellular and whole-plant responses (Ozgen et al, 2005). Concentration of cellular Ca 2+ is tightly regulated, and a little variation in its concentration changes the signaling and protein activation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few other studies demonstrated the influence of supplemental Ca2+ on tuberization of potato under field conditions (Ozgen et al, 2000(Ozgen et al, , 2003(Ozgen et al, , 2006Ozgen and Palta, 2004;Chang et al, 2007) though the exact molecular mechanism of its influence was not studied. Present study was undertaken to investigate the biochemical and molecular mechanism underlying tuberization in potato influenced by Ca 2+ supplementation under in vitro conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%