Supplementation of Apple Pomace with Nonprotein Nitrogen for Gestating Beef Cows. I. Feed Intake and Performance

Blood and ruminal samples were analyzed from gestating cows fed apple pomace or corn silage plus isonitrogenous and isocaloric quantities of cottonseed meal or nonprotein nitrogen containing supplements in four trials. Data were also obtained from steers fed similar diets during a metabolism trial. The supplementary sources of nitrogen supplied 50 to 70% of the total nitrogen in the diet. Feeding apple pomace, compared with feeding corn silage, resulted in greater (P~.01) molar percentages of acetic and valeric acids, lesser (P(.05) molar percentages of propionic, butyric, isobutyric and isovaleric acids and lowered (P(.01) ruminal pH. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were greatest when the urea-corn supplement was fed, next greatest with biuret-corn and lowest with cottonseed meal.Steers in a metabolism trial were fed apple pomace plus either corn-urea or cottonseed meal. Results indicated that the steers excreted less (P(.01) fecal nitrogen and more (P~.05) urinary nitrogen but had similar nitrogen retentions when the urea-corn supplement was fed than when cottonseed meal was fed. Cows and steers fed the urea supplement had lowered plasma concentrations of several of the essential amino acids. Blood mineral profiles in cows were similar regardless of the source of supplementary nitrogen. (

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“…Trial 1. Blood samples were obtained from the cows (trial 1, Fontenot et al, 1977)after 532 JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, Vol. 46, No.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trial 3. Blood and ruminal samples were obtained from 48 cows in trial 3 described by Fontenot et al (1977) and analyzed as in trial 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation of Apple Pomace with Nonprotein Nitrogen for Gestating Beef Cows. III. Metabolic Parameters

Oltjen

Rumsey

Fontenot

et al. 1977

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Apple pomace ferments easily due to its high sugar content and is highly suitable for use as a TMRS material. Some studies have evaluated the effects of feeding apple pomace to ruminants after supplementing CP with cottonseed meal (Fontenot, Bovard, Oltjen, Rumsey, & Priode, ; OltjenRumsey, Fontenot, Bovard, & Priode, ) or urea (Alibes, Munoz, & Rodriguez, ; Bovard, Rumsey, Oltjen, Fonetenot, & Priode, ; Pirmohammadi, Rouzbehan, Rezayazdi, & Zahedifar, ). However, these studies evaluated only the effects of the protein source supplemented with apple pomace; therefore, an evaluation of the nutritive value of apple pomace as a feed component for ruminants under balanced nutrition conditions is still required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of replacing commercial material with apple pomace on the fermentation quality of total mixed ration silage and its digestibility, nitrogen balance and rumen fermentation in wethers

2019

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In this study, we evaluated the fermentation quality, digestibility and rumen fermentation of total mixed ration silage (TMRS) prepared with varying proportions of apple pomace, using four wethers in a 4 × 4 Latin square study design. A control diet was prepared using corn, wheat bran, timothy hay, alfalfa hay and a vitamin–mineral supplement. In the experimental treatments, apple pomace supplemented with soybean meal was used to replace corn and wheat bran at levels of 5%, 10% and 20% on a dry matter (DM) basis; treatment levels are indicated by these replacement levels. The moisture content of all diets was adjusted to 550 g/kg and the diets were then ensiled for 60 days. All diets were well fermented, with low pH and ammonia nitrogen (N) content. In treatments including apple pomace, lactic acid content decreased as acetic acid increased compared with the control (p < .05). Ethanol was generated in the 5%, 10% and 20% treatments. Following the addition of apple pomace, ammonia N content increased, and was highest in the 5% treatment (p < .05). N retention and digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein and ether extract decreased significantly (p < .05) in the 10% and 20% treatments. The rumen molar proportion of acetic acid increased, but those of propionic acid and ammonia N content decreased as the proportion of apple pomace in the diets increased (p < .05). The results of this study suggest that the proportion of apple pomace in TMRS should not exceed that of the 5% TMRS treatment, which was 44 g/kg of diet DM.

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“…It is a suitable feed for cows and sheep. However, p:regnant cows fed with apple pomace supplemented with nonprotein nitrogen have been reported to give birth to dead or weak calves (Fotenot et al 1977). Its value as an animal feed has been estimated to be less than $7 per wet MT (Jewell and Cummings 1984).…”

Section: By-products From Apple Pomacementioning

confidence: 99%

Processed Apple Products

Downing¹

1989

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Supplementation of Apple Pomace with Nonprotein Nitrogen for Gestating Beef Cows. I. Feed Intake and Performance

Cited by 29 publications

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Supplementation of Apple Pomace with Nonprotein Nitrogen for Gestating Beef Cows. III. Metabolic Parameters

Supplementation of Apple Pomace with Nonprotein Nitrogen for Gestating Beef Cows. III. Metabolic Parameters

Effects of replacing commercial material with apple pomace on the fermentation quality of total mixed ration silage and its digestibility, nitrogen balance and rumen fermentation in wethers

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