Supplementation of Apple Pomace with Nonprotein Nitrogen for Gestating Beef Cows. IV. Pesticide Accumulation in Cows

Ts, Rumsey; Kp, Bovard; Jp, Fontenot; Rr, Oltjen; Bm, Priode

doi:10.2527/jas1977.453543x

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…recent data have shown a consistent pattern of residue concentrations across several fat deposits as shown for dieldrin in figure 7 (Rumsey and Bond, 1974). This same pattern among tissues was generally consistent with DDT at high and low residue loads (Rumsey et al, 1967;Rumsey et al, 1977a). An understanding of this phenomenon may suggest a way to control or regulate lipophilic residues.…”

Section: Residue Curvesupporting

confidence: 69%

Experimental Approaches to Studying Metabolic Fate of Xenobiotics in Food Animals

Rumsey¹

1983

Journal of Animal Science

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The use of agricultural chemicals is an important aspect of animal production. Animal scientists have played an active and varied role in the recent and rapidly developed use of these chemicals. Although approval to use agricultural chemicals has always been based on both efficacy and end point residues, increased consumer concerns during the past one and one-half decades about the safety of these chemicals have caused greater awareness for the latter. In this regard, emphasis on the total residue curve of an agricultural chemical should serve as a tool that will help optimize dose rate on one hand and minimize end point residues on the other hand. Selection against lipophilic materials has resulted in a marked reduction in residue load. However, problems with lipophilic residues still exist, and knowledge about how to prevent or manage these residues in animals as well as fundamental knowledge about their absorption is needed. Continued emphasis on reducing residue load of hydrophilic chemicals through the use of devices such as implants, boluses and ear tags should have high priority as should research on the absorption and excretion mechanisms of these chemicals. There are two important areas of research that are needed to help us deal with end point residues in the future. One is better understanding of the toxicology of end point residues so we can move away from the concept of zero tolerance toward basing all of our guidelines for the use of a chemical on biological principles. The other is better understanding of the specific mode of action of the chemicals we use, which will permit more refined management of agricultural chemicals and a further assurance of safety.

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Section: Residue Curvesupporting

confidence: 69%

Experimental Approaches to Studying Metabolic Fate of Xenobiotics in Food Animals

Rumsey¹

1983

Journal of Animal Science

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“…This might be related to the increased Mn requirements under high calcium or potassium diets (14 ). Apple pomace has not been recommended as a ruminant feedstuff in the USA because of high pesticide residues (24 ). Its use in New Zealand as an animal foodstuff seems to be recent and is related to the increased processing of apples for beverages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chondrodystrophy in calves associated with manganese deficiency

Elizondo

Alley

Badcoe

et al. 1990

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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A severe congenital chondrodystrophy in Charolais oolves is described. Thirty-two calves were born on the same farm with shortened limbs and enlarged joints. Histologically, there was poor cartilage maturation with excessive amounts of rarefied cartilage matrix. There were degenerative changes in the chondrocytes and a severe reduction in the mucopolysaccharide content of all body hyaline cartilage. The cartilage matrix, when examined ultrastructurally, showed loose, disorganised fibres in a rarefied matrix, and extensive vacuolation of the chondrocytes. A low level of manganese was found in the liver of an affected calf. The pregnant cows were fed on apple pulp and corn silage, both of which are low in manganese.

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“…Bovard et al (1977) have reported on the skeletal abnormalities of the calves born from cows fed NPN supplements and apple pomace. Rumsey et al (1977) have reported on the pesticide accumulation in the cows fed these diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementation of Apple Pomace with Nonprotein Nitrogen for Gestating Beef Cows. III. Metabolic Parameters

Oltjen

Rumsey

Fontenot

et al. 1977

Journal of Animal Science

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Blood and ruminal samples were analyzed from gestating cows fed apple pomace or corn silage plus isonitrogenous and isocaloric quantities of cottonseed meal or nonprotein nitrogen containing supplements in four trials. Data were also obtained from steers fed similar diets during a metabolism trial. The supplementary sources of nitrogen supplied 50 to 70% of the total nitrogen in the diet. Feeding apple pomace, compared with feeding corn silage, resulted in greater (P~.01) molar percentages of acetic and valeric acids, lesser (P(.05) molar percentages of propionic, butyric, isobutyric and isovaleric acids and lowered (P(.01) ruminal pH. Ruminal ammonia concentrations were greatest when the urea-corn supplement was fed, next greatest with biuret-corn and lowest with cottonseed meal.Steers in a metabolism trial were fed apple pomace plus either corn-urea or cottonseed meal. Results indicated that the steers excreted less (P(.01) fecal nitrogen and more (P~.05) urinary nitrogen but had similar nitrogen retentions when the urea-corn supplement was fed than when cottonseed meal was fed. Cows and steers fed the urea supplement had lowered plasma concentrations of several of the essential amino acids. Blood mineral profiles in cows were similar regardless of the source of supplementary nitrogen. (

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Supplementation of Apple Pomace with Nonprotein Nitrogen for Gestating Beef Cows. IV. Pesticide Accumulation in Cows

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Experimental Approaches to Studying Metabolic Fate of Xenobiotics in Food Animals

Experimental Approaches to Studying Metabolic Fate of Xenobiotics in Food Animals

Chondrodystrophy in calves associated with manganese deficiency

Supplementation of Apple Pomace with Nonprotein Nitrogen for Gestating Beef Cows. III. Metabolic Parameters

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