Supplementing Colostrum from Multiparous Sows: Effects on Performance and Health in Piglets from Gilts in Farm Conditions

Miguel, Joaquín; Mitjana, Olga; Tejedor, María Teresa; Martínez, Antonio; Falceto, María Victoria

doi:10.3390/ani11092563

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…In agreement with the previous studies, these results suggest that maternal-derived antibodies (MDA) may exist at a detectable level in the early weeks of newborn weaning piglets [27]. MDAimmune piglets may be protected from infection in the 1 st weeks of their age from maternal antibodies in the colostrum [28].…”

Section: Mosquito Identificationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seroconversion, genotyping, and potential mosquito vector identification of Japanese encephalitis virus in pig sentinel settings in Bali, Indonesia

Kardena,

Adi,

Astawa

et al. 2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Despite the endemicity of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in humans and animals in the Province of Bali, Indonesia, there is little data on whether seroconversion to the virus occurs in pigs, JEV genotypes circulating, and it’s potential mosquito vectors in the area. The aims of this study were to (i) Determine whether JEV infection in Balinese pigs occurs before reaching their sexual maturity, (ii) identify the genotypes of circulating JEV, and (iii) identify potential JEV mosquito vectors at the study sites in urban and peri-urban areas of Bali. Materials and Methods: Sixteen 1-week-old Landrace piglets from two different sows were housed in Denpasar. Similarly, 18 one-week-old mixed-breed piglets of two different sows were housed in Badung Regency. The piglets were bled every 1 to 4 weeks for up to 24 weeks. Serum samples from the 11 piglets were tested for antibodies against JEV, and seroconversion-suspected sera were titrated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood of seroconverted sera from pigs were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the genetic sequence of JEV. The mosquitoes in the sentinels were trapped throughout the study period to identify the potential mosquito vectors of JEV. Results: Antibodies were detected in most of the selected piglets’ sera from weeks 1 to 24 of their age. However, sera of pig B9 collected from the sentinel setting in Badung Regency showed a four-fold increase in antibody titer from week 4 to week 8, indicating seroconversion. PCR testing of blood from B9 (pooled blood sample collected from week 5 to week 8) identified JEV nucleic acids, which were phylogenetically classified as belonging to the JEV genotype III. Meanwhile, 1271 of two genera of mosquitoes, Anopheles spp. and Culex spp. were trapped in the pig sentinels. Conclusion: JEV seroconversion likely occurs before the pig reaches sexual maturity in Badung Regency. Sequence data indicate that JEV genotype III is circulating in the pig sentinel setting in the regency; however, circulating genotypes need to be clarified through increased surveillance. Meanwhile, Culex spp. and most likely Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles spp. were the dominant mosquitoes present in the study sites set in the urban area of Denpasar and peri-urban areas of Badung, Bali, indicating that these are likely vectors in spread of JEV in the region. Keywords: genotyping, Japanese encephalitis virus, pig sentinel setting, potential mosquito vectors, seroconversion.

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Section: Mosquito Identificationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Seroconversion, genotyping, and potential mosquito vector identification of Japanese encephalitis virus in pig sentinel settings in Bali, Indonesia

Kardena,

Adi,

Astawa

et al. 2024

Vet World

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“…The drastic increase in litter sizes over the past decade [217] has led to increased competition for colostrum and subsequently reduced intakes, which has negative consequences for the piglets' health and performance [255][256][257]. Improving the quality of colostrum and milk has the potential to enhance the health and performance of the offspring, as evident in the improved performance and immune response of gilt offspring when they are supplemented with sow colostrum, which is known to have enhanced immune potential [258,259].…”

Section: Enhancing the Immune Potential Of The Colostrum And Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Maternal Probiotic or Synbiotic Supplementation on Sow and Offspring Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Health, and Performance

Kiernan,

O’Doherty,

Sweeney

2023

Animals

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The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens has prompted the reduction in antibiotic and antimicrobial use in commercial pig production. This has led to increased research efforts to identify alternative dietary interventions to support the health and development of the pig. The crucial role of the GIT microbiota in animal health and performance is becoming increasingly evident. Hence, promoting an improved GIT microbiota, particularly the pioneer microbiota in the young pig, is a fundamental focus. Recent research has indicated that the sow’s GIT microbiota is a significant contributor to the development of the offspring’s microbiota. Thus, dietary manipulation of the sow’s microbiota with probiotics or synbiotics, before farrowing and during lactation, is a compelling area of exploration. This review aims to identify the potential health benefits of maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation to both the sow and her offspring and to explore their possible modes of action. Finally, the results of maternal sow probiotic and synbiotic supplementation studies are collated and summarized. Maternal probiotic or synbiotic supplementation offers an effective strategy to modulate the sow’s microbiota and thereby enhance the formation of a health-promoting pioneer microbiota in the offspring. In addition, this strategy can potentially reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the sow and her offspring, enhance the immune potential of the milk, the immune system development in the offspring, and the sow’s feed intake during lactation. Although many studies have used probiotics in the maternal sow diet, the most effective probiotic or probiotic blends remain unclear. To this extent, further direct comparative investigations using different probiotics are warranted to advance the current understanding in this area. Moreover, the number of investigations supplementing synbiotics in the maternal sow diet is limited and is an area where further exploration is warranted.

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“…Within 2-3 weeks of birth, another critical neonatal period is identified, which is associated with a decrease in the colostral protective components level, mainly due to immunoglobulins, against the background of an unformed own immune system (Corsaut et al, 2021;Miguel et al, 2021). The next critical period associated with the piglet's immunodeficiency state is detected after weaning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of the functioning of the natural defense mechanisms of piglets under the influence of immunotropic substances

Masiuk,

Nedzvetsky,

Kokariev

2023

SMLNUVMB

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The number of studies related to detailed characteristics of immune system development in early stages of ontogenesis are directed to expansion of concepts of mechanisms of inherent and adaptive immunity in premature newborns. However, discrepancy in publication data and absence of clear conceptions about unique features of immune system in newborn piglets for different gestation periods have significant actuality for further investigation. The study was carried out to establish characteristics of phenotypic and functional characteristics of the immune cells and establishment of adaptive immunity in piglets. The antibody repertoire of sow has interested immunologists for decades, in part because of the ease with which large quantities of high affinity antibodies can be observed in serum, and into other fluids because of the presence of genetic variants for both light and heavy chain of all known immunoglobulin types. The integrative analysis of the cellular and humoral immunity in piglets during early ontogenesis carried out to clarify the exact mechanisms of the immune response modulation. Effectiveness and selectivity of the immunotropic chemicals application to regulate immune cell populations in piglets is presented. The progress in immune cell populations is regulated by the various cytokines production in the universal concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the development of the immune functions cross reacts with innate immunity mechanisms including anti-bacterial enzymes, epithelial barrier integrity in the both skin and intestine. The interaction between multiple components of innate immunity is a critic initiator of the dynamic changes in adaptive immunity. The natural resistance targets to the establishment of infection root and delays disease progression. The duration of the exposure to colostrum in important role in the dynamics of immune response as well as its efficacy. The chapter discusses the plural mechanisms so far proposed to be responsible for the modulation natural resistance.

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Supplementing Colostrum from Multiparous Sows: Effects on Performance and Health in Piglets from Gilts in Farm Conditions

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Seroconversion, genotyping, and potential mosquito vector identification of Japanese encephalitis virus in pig sentinel settings in Bali, Indonesia

Seroconversion, genotyping, and potential mosquito vector identification of Japanese encephalitis virus in pig sentinel settings in Bali, Indonesia

The Effect of Maternal Probiotic or Synbiotic Supplementation on Sow and Offspring Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Health, and Performance

Features of the functioning of the natural defense mechanisms of piglets under the influence of immunotropic substances

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