Supporting Self-management Through eHealth - Exploring the Needs, Challenges and Solutions in General Practice: A Qualitative and Participatory Design Study

Abstract

Introduction: Digital transformation and integration of eHealth solutions into chronic pain management faces significant challenges that have not yet been met. To realize the potential of eHealth solutions there is a need to understand the challenges, needs and care processes of eHealth into specific contexts and specific purposes. The objective of this study was to explore challenges, barriers, support needs, and visions experienced by patients and general practitioners (GPs) in the context of an eHealth solution designed for chronic pain management in general practice. Methods: The study used action-research as a methodological framework. We conducted two future workshops involving eight patients living with chronic pain and seven GPs with clinical experience in managing chronic pain. Through case vignettes and inspiration cards, these workshops stimulated discussions and shared knowledge construction. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, separated by the groups, and were synthesized via a matrix analysis. Results: The analysis revealed five content summary themes: Theme 1 - patients' experience of challenges in life with pain; Theme 2 - challenges in treating patients with chronic pain; Theme 3 - patients' suggestions for the structure of the eHealth solution; Theme 4 - GPs suggestions for the structure of the eHealth solution; and Theme 5 - differences and similarities: Visions for an eHealth solution. The analysis generated several touchpoints and tension within the patient-physician encounter. Conclusions: In conclusion, these themes provide distinct narratives, offering valuable insights into the design objectives. Our study represents a significant advancement in developing personalized and innovative eHealth solutions for general practice, addressing key clinical challenges. Perspective: Realizing the potential of eHealth solutions, these findings highlight both contrasting and shared viewpoints on design objectives, providing crucial insight into end-user perspectives for effective pain management. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of supported self-management and clinical communication in understanding each patient's overall presentation within the healthcare system.