Surface Analysis of a Musket Shot Dated Between 1645 and 1655 Found in Historic St. Mary's City, Maryland

Stacy, Carl C.; Miller, Henry M.; Froede, Richard C.

doi:10.1520/jfs12884j

Journal of Forensic Sciences

1990

DOI: 10.1520/jfs12884j

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Surface Analysis of a Musket Shot Dated Between 1645 and 1655 Found in Historic St. Mary's City, Maryland

Carl C. Stacy

Henry M. Miller²,

Richard C. Froede

Abstract: A number of large lead musket shot have been found in the Pope's fort site at historic St. Mary's City in Maryland. These collected shot have been dated to the period from 1645 to 1655 by Dr. Henry Miller. One of these musket shot has an interesting flattened configuration and appears as if it hit a very solid object. The impact surface has been examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectrophotometry (EDS). The results of these examinations have been compared with examinations … Show more

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Scanning Electron Microscopy in Forensic Science

Basu

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Scanning electron microscopy is providing increasingly definitive solutions to criminal problems since its commercial debut in 1965. This has been due to the ability of the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to simultaneously produce several electron probe‐induced signals from the specimen, which generate readily interpretable images of surface topography and material composition. The successful applications of these signals are determined by sample preparation and instrumental parameters. No other microbeam technology combines high resolution (2–5 nm) of the topographic (secondary) electrons with large depth of field for three‐dimensional viewing. The SEM is indeed ideal for stereomicroscopy. The versatility of the SEM stems from its additional capability to process each specimen signal by various contrast enhancement methods, such as line scanning, deflection modulation (DM), area mapping, etc. These methods allow an intuitive, stylistic, and synthetic analysis of the image and are ideal for quality control analysis. Digital SEMs have pioneered in automated image processing and unattended search and analysis of particulates. The combined SEM and energy‐dispersive X‐ray microanalysis (EDX) is the most definitive technique in testing for gunshot residue (GSR) particles, collected by the glue‐lift technique. In the analyses of other trace evidence, such as hair and fibers, in physical matching, and in nondestructive elemental analysis of physical evidence, the SEM/EDX is the most efficient of all microbeam technologies. From firearms, bullet wounds and human bones, to plants, pollen and fungi, the list of criminal evidence examined by SEM/EDX is endless. However, the SEM/EDX is not ideal for quantitative analysis of elements present as traces (<1% w/w). The SEM lacks the three‐dimensional sectioning abilities of scanning beam confocal microscopes. The imaging capabilities of the SEM surpass these limitations. The SEM is, therefore, a major tool in forensic research and investigation.

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Scanning Electron Microscopy in Forensic Science

Basu

2000

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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show abstract

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Surface Analysis of a Musket Shot Dated Between 1645 and 1655 Found in Historic St. Mary's City, Maryland

Cited by 1 publication

References 3 publications

Scanning Electron Microscopy in Forensic Science

Scanning Electron Microscopy in Forensic Science

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