Surface changes of anodic oxidized orthodontic titanium miniscrew

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the structural stability of anodic oxidation treatment of miniscrews during a self-drilling procedure and an initial loading period. Materials and Methods: Eight orthodontic miniscrews with a machined surface and an anodic oxidized surface were placed in the mandible of two beagle dogs. With all miniscrews, an orthodontic force was applied immediately after placement and was continued for 12 weeks. After beagle dogs were sacrificed, the miniscrews were carefully removed from decalcified bone fragments. Miniscrews were evaluated by comparing and quantitatively analyzing changes in surface roughness of unused and used miniscrews (machined surface vs anodic oxidized surface) utilizing both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results: SEM revealed that only a thread edge close to the tip of the used anodic oxidized miniscrew became smooth by smearing, compared with the unused anodic oxidized miniscrew. No definite changes were observed in the thread valleys of the two groups after placement. AFM measurements demonstrated that all surface roughness parameters of thread edges of the used anodic oxidized miniscrews were significantly reduced compared with the unused anodic oxidized miniscrew (P , .05). A middle thread edge of the used anodic miniscrew surface was rougher than the unused and used machined surface miniscrews (P , .05). Conclusion: Anodic oxidized miniscrews had improved surface characteristics compared with machined surface miniscrews, even if the surface texture was changed by the self-drilling procedure and during the initial loading period. (Angle Orthod. 2012;82:522-528.)

Mini-implants for Orthodontic Anchorage: Surface Analysis after Redrilling and Sterilization – An in vitro Study

“…Choi et al 27 evaluated the surface roughness of two different types of miniimplants and did not find any definite alteration, corroborating with our findings. However, Eliades et al 19 observed surface alterations in retrieved devices, such as loss of gloss in some parts.…”

Effects of recycling on the biomechanical characteristics of retrieved orthodontic miniscrews

“…Furthermore, previous studies have mostly assessed miniscrews with MS. However, the use of miniscrews with treated surfaces is gradually increasing, with improved success rates 910. Therefore, we assessed both MS and ES in the present study.…”

Biological Effects of Anodic Oxidation on Titanium Miniscrews: An In Vitro Study on Human Cells

“…Among these procedures is the recently introduced anodic oxidation, which is obtained by immersion of the titanium in an electrolyte solution and by the application of high current voltage [4,5]. Upon anodic oxidation, the titanium surface is covered by a TiO 2 layer [4,5], organized in self-ordered nanotubular structures [2] vertically oriented on the titanium surface with a closed bottom and open top [6]. Notably, the greater the applied current voltage, the thicker and more rough the TiO 2 layer will be [7].…”

“…[11]), no previous studies have evaluated the behavior of commercially available products, including the effects of varying the thickness of the TiO 2 layer. Specifically, previous studies on orthodontic miniscrews are limited to the analyses of implant surfaces [5], insertion/removal torque and bone-to-implant contact sites [6][7][8].…”