Surface Characterization and Modification of Indium Tin Oxide in Ultrahigh Vacuum

Modification of ITO surface using aromatic small molecules with carboxylic acid groups for OLED applications

“…The reaction between carboxylic acid head group of MPPBA and ITO is similar to the one occurred between phosphonic acid derivative and SiO 2 [26,27] and TiO 2 [28]. These oxide surfaces have all similar property, because they all have hydroxyl groups [17,29].…”

Photocatalytic degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol over g-C3N4 under visible light irradiation

“…Charging effects or positive charge localization in heterocycles can lead to the peak at 404.6 eV [13]. In O 1s XPS spectrum, the peak at the position of 532.5 eV was attributed to surface -OH groups derived from surface oxygen contaminates [16]. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) result proves the existence of a graphite-like structure of carbon nitride again as shown in Fig.…”

Environmental stability of high-mobility indium-oxide based transparent electrodes

“…The slightly shifted peak about 530.5 eV, namely, peak B, is also a metal oxide peak but ascribed to O atoms in the vicinity of an oxygen vacancy (V O ). 28 Therefore, the area of this peak is related to the concentration of free-carriers originating from V O . Peak C at BE of 532 eV is attributed to chemisorbed OH groups on the surface, often shown as indium oxyhydroxide (InOOH).…”