Surface evaluation of carbon fibre composites using wavelet texture analysis

Palmer, Stuart; Hall, Wayne

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.08.024

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…It can be seen that the five plates assessed by the expert observers as having a particularly poor surface finish quality (plates 2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 and 8.1, indicated by an asterisk in Table 1) are also the plates given the lowest instrumental quality ratings (highest rankings) by the WTA method, see Table 3 and Figure 3. It can also be seen that these five plates are clearly separately grouped in the right half of Figure 2, confirming the ability of the WTA method to act as an accurate categorical classifier of composite surface finish quality [17,18] . Here, a simple good/bad quality classification criterion could be based on first principal component scores for sample plates as either less than/ greater than, say, 2500.…”

Section: Automotive Industrysupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Previous work has established the general feasibility of wavelet texture analysis (WTA) for the task of automatically classifying the surface finish of both clear resin with plain weave and gel-coat carbon fibre-reinforced polymer panels into broad quality grades [17,18] and that WTA will produce repeatable results if reasonable precautions are taken in sample imaging [19] . This paper demonstrates the application of WTA to the new task of automatically ranking the…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ranking of fibre-reinforced composite plate surface finish quality by wavelet texture analysis

Palmer¹,

Hall²,

Summerscales³

2016

Insight

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In the automotive and other industries, the visual appearance of external surfaces is a key factor in perceived product quality. Traditionally, the quality of an automotive surface finish has been judged by expert human auditors. A set of 17 fibre-reinforced composite plates was previously manufactured to have a range of surface finish qualities and these plates were ranked by three expert observers and also optically digitally imaged. Following validation of the previous rankings, the wavelet texture analysis (WTA) technique was applied to the digital photographs to derive an instrumental measure of surface finish quality based on the panel images. The rank correlation between the human expert surface finish quality ratings and those from the WTA image analysis process was found to be positive, large and statistically significant. This finding indicates that WTA could form the basis of an inexpensive and practical instrumental method for the ranking of fibre-reinforced composite surface finish quality.

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Section: Automotive Industrysupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ranking of fibre-reinforced composite plate surface finish quality by wavelet texture analysis

Palmer¹,

Hall²,

Summerscales³

2016

Insight

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“…To evaluate the FPT effect, the quality control systems of original equipment manufacturer (OEMs) are either based on subjective perception of professional auditors 1 or on objective parameters resulting from optical 5,17–19 and tactile measuring 7,8,20,21 methods. In 9,17 a white light interferometer (WLI) is used to determine the regions 17 and linear 9 surface roughness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Beside the process inherent parameters, the resulting surface quality is affected by the tool surface 7,9 and additional surface modifications, such as application of gelcoat, 13,14 in-mold coating, 15 surface films, 16 and subsequent painting process. 3 To evaluate the FPT effect, the quality control systems of original equipment manufacturer (OEMs) are either based on subjective perception of professional auditors 1 or on objective parameters resulting from optical 5,[17][18][19] and tactile measuring 7,8,20,21 methods. In 9,17 a white light interferometer (WLI) is used to determine the regions 17 and linear 9 surface roughness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurement of the surface quality is complemented by analyzing the cross-section based on micrographs. 5,7 Moreover, digital image correlation (DIC) 18,19 and wavelet texture analysis 19 can be applied to measure the surface quality of exterior components. Although many experimental studies focus on roughness, the waviness values derived from the WSD have established as industrial standard to quantify FPT effect and represents a significant processing-relevant measured variable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and verification of a cure-dependent visco-thermo-elastic simulation model for predicting the process-induced surface waviness of continuous fiber reinforced thermosets

Lorenz

Gröger

Müller-Pabel

et al. 2023

Journal of Composite Materials

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Process-induced surface waviness effects represent a major concern for series production of high-quality lightweight structures based on fiber reinforced plastics (FRP). This paper suggests a method for the numerical prediction of these effects by using the example of processing glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) in a resin transfer molding (RTM) process. The influence of reaction kinetics, chemical shrinkage and cure-dependent viscoelastic properties of the resin are taken into account. Furthermore, the dependence of surface quality on curing cycle, consolidation pressure, textile architecture and thickness of neat resin layer (NRL) at the part surface are investigated. The work is based on published material data and a visco-thermo-elastic simulation approach which has been previously presented and validated. All numerical results are compared to the surfaces of FRP plates that were manufactured with the corresponding parameter variations. Based on a literature survey, different surface waviness values have been identified for comparison of experimental and numerical results. Satisfactory agreement between experiments and simulations is found. Furthermore, it is shown that the analyzed NRL thickness has no relevant influence on the surface waviness while the curing temperature significantly affects the surface waviness. The role of relaxation-induced change of the surface waviness is highlighted by performing long-term measurements and corresponding time-dependent simulations. It is concluded that relaxation plays a decisive role in the appropriate selection of the subsequent surface finishing process. The suggested simulation approach provides a basis for optimization strategies to improve surface quality and reduce post-processing effort.

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Objective Surface Evaluation of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

Palmer

Hall

2012

Appl Compos Mater

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Surface evaluation of carbon fibre composites using wavelet texture analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Ranking of fibre-reinforced composite plate surface finish quality by wavelet texture analysis

Ranking of fibre-reinforced composite plate surface finish quality by wavelet texture analysis

Development and verification of a cure-dependent visco-thermo-elastic simulation model for predicting the process-induced surface waviness of continuous fiber reinforced thermosets

Objective Surface Evaluation of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

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