Surface modified‐magnetic nanoparticles by molecular imprinting for the dispersive solid‐phase extraction of triazines from environmental waters

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles have been surface modified by molecular imprinting and evaluated as selective sorbents for the extraction of triazines from environmental waters. The use of propazine as template allowed us to synthesize a selective material able to simultaneously recognize and selective extract not only the template but also several other herbicides of the same family. A magnetic molecularly imprinted‐based dispersive solid‐phase extraction procedure was developed and fully optimized. Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer particles can be easily collected and separated from liquid solvents and samples with the help of an external magnetic field, avoiding in that way any centrifugation or filtration steps, which represents a remarkable advantage over traditional procedures. Under optimum conditions, selective extraction of several triazines (cyanazine, simazine, atrazine, propazine, and terbutylazine) from environmental water samples was performed prior to final determination by high‐performance liquid chromatography with diode‐array detection. Recoveries for the studied triazines were within the range of 75.2–94.1%, with relative standard deviations lower than 11.3% (n = 3). The limits of detection were within 0.16–0.51 µg/L, depending upon the triazine and the type of sample analyzed.

Review on the Use of Magnetic Nanoparticles in the Detection of Environmental Pollutants

“…Cao et al synthesized the Cupric organic skeleton/ferrioxide (MOF-199/Fe 3 O 4 ) complex by in situ method at room temperature, and applied it to the separation and detection of nicotinic insecticides in environmental water samples [70]. Turiel et al modified the surface of MNPs by molecular imprinting technology, and tested it as a selective adsorbent for extracting triazine compounds from environmental water [71]. In addition, Kouhestani et al synthesized cysteine-functionalized chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles and used them as an effective adsorbent for the extraction of casine and benzene sulfomethyl [63].…”

Synthesis of a novel magnetic nanomaterial for the development of a multielemental speciation method of lead, mercury, and vanadium via HPLC-ICP MS

“…Besides, iron oxide MNPs (Fe 3 O 4 ) have been exploited as solid-phase sorbents due to their degradability, biocompatibility, chemical stability, low toxicity, and high magnetic response. This last property allows a variation of the classical solid-phase extraction known as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) [ 24 , 25 ]. MSPE procedures have gained great interest in recent years for speciation analysis due to the advantages previously mentioned.…”

Evaluation of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate as comonomer in the preparation of water‐compatible molecularly imprinted polymers for triazinic herbicides

“…Up to date, the MISPE procedures that have been developed for these herbicides in environmental waters require two-step MISPE, imprinting on resins, performing drastic solvent exchanges that included exhaustive drying steps, and/or using dual phases to achieve selectivity recognition inside the binding sites [8,[27][28][29][30]. For this reason, the objective of this work was to study the potential of HEMA as a co-monomer to achieve true recognition of triazines by the binding sites directly in the aqueous media in order to obtain a real water-compatible MIP material suitable for the determination of triazines in environmental waters.…”