Surface roughness influences Candida albicans biofilm formation on denture materials

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the influences of surface roughness (SR) of denture base and liner materials on Candida albicans biofilm formation. Methods: Discs were fabricated using poly (methyl methacrylate) acrylic resin and poly(ethyl methacrylate) denture liner, according to manufacturers' instructions. Both acrylic resin and relined discs were finished or finished + polished and the SR was measured. Discs were saliva-coated, and C. albicans biofilms were developed on such surfaces for 48 hours. Biofilms were evaluated for cell counts, metabolic activity, and structural characteristics. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests using a significance level of 5%. Results: Finished acrylic resin and denture liner discs had higher SR compared to finished + polished discs (P<0.001). Finished + polished acrylic resin discs contained fewer cells compared to only finished discs (P<0.001). No metabolic activity differences were seen between biofilms formed on both groups (P>0.05). Bulky, thick and less rough biofilms were formed on only finished denture materials (P<0.05). Confocal images reveal increased presence of black spaces for biofilms developed on finished + polished discs. Conclusion: Reduced SR resulted in decreased C. albicans biofilm accumulation on both denture materials.Key words: Acrylic resins; Biofilms; Candida albicans A rugosidade de superfície de materiais para prótese influencia a formação de biofilmes de Candida albicans RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou a influência da rugosidade de superfície (RS) de resina acrílica e materiais de reembasamento na formação de biofilmes de Candida albicans. Métodos: Discos foram fabricados usando resina acrílica a base de poli(metil metacrilato) e reembasador a base de poli(etil metacrilato), seguindo as instruções dos fabricantes. Os discos tiveram a superfície acabada ou acabada + polida, e RS mensurada. Película de saliva foi formada na superfície dos discos, e biofilmes de C. albicans foram desenvolvidos por 48 horas. Biofilmes foram analisados para contagem, atividade metabólica e estrutura. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA seguido do teste de Tukey a 5%. Resultados: Os discos apenas acabados apresentaram maior RS comparado aos acabados + polidos (P<0,001). Discos de resina acabados + polidos formaram biofilmes com menos células quando comparados aos apenas acabados (P<0,001). Não houve diferença para a atividade metabólica (P>0,05). Biofilmes volumosos, espessos e menos rugosos foram formados nos discos acabados (P<0,05). As imagens de confocal revelam o aumento da presença de espaços negros nos biofilmes em discos acabados + polidos. Conclusão: Menores valores de RS resultaram em reduzido acúmulo de biofilme de C. albicans em ambos materiais para prótese.

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