Surface structure and properties of polymers irradiated with hyperthermal atomic oxygen

Kleiman, Jacob; Gudimenko, Y.; Iskanderova, Z.; Tennyson, R. C.; Morison, W. D.; McIntyre, M. S.; Davidson, R. D.

doi:10.1002/sia.740230510

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The specimen surface after exposure exhibited significant damage characterized by conical pits of 1 µm sizes with a few µm depths. This cone-like structure is similar to the surface of polyimide and some other polymers after AO exposure (3), (6) . There was no significant difference on the surface feature among applied stresses.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 52%

The Space Exposure Experiment of PEEK Sheets under Tensile Stress

Nakamura

Fujita

et al. 2004

JSME Int. J., Ser. A

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To find out the degradation behavior of polymer in the real space, space exposure experiments utilizing the International Space Station (ISS) were scheduled. PEEK sheets under tensile stresses were exposed to the environment around the ISS orbit, and were irradiated by atomic oxygen (AO), ultraviolet ray, and electron beam (EB) in the ground test facility. This study introduces the outline of these experiments, and shows the results of AO and EB pilot irradiation tests as follows: (1) Test piece surfaces after AO exposure exhibited significant morphological damages characterized by micron-sized conical pits. (2) Thickness reductions of the test pieces by AO exposure increased with increasing tensile stress. (3) Residual strength after AO exposure could be estimated by taking account of thickness reduction. (4) No significant change was observed on surface morph, mass, chemical structure, and tensile properties of the test pieces after EB exposure regardless of tensile stress.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 52%

The Space Exposure Experiment of PEEK Sheets under Tensile Stress

Nakamura

Fujita

et al. 2004

JSME Int. J., Ser. A

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“…For this study, data generated in-house was supplemented with open scientific literature and technical handbook database materials. 1,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] The C1s photolines (Figures 2[a] and 3[a]) were curve-fit to three peaks indicative of three chemical The XPS semiquantitative surface composition results for two steel coupons exposed for 96 h to the corrosive testing medium with and without C 3 H 4 N 2 are presented in Table 2. These findings were determined from the XPS survey spectral peak intensities shown in Figures 1(a) and (b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Analysis of Inhibitor Films Formed in Hydrogen Sulfide Medium

Sastri¹,

Elboujdaîni²,

Brown³

et al. 1996

CORROSION

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Steel samples exposed to a 5% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution containing 0.5% acetic acid (CH 3 COOH) saturated with hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), with and without imidazole (C 3 H 4 N 2 ) as an inhibitor, were analyzed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The metal surface was covered initially by a layer of iron sulfide or oxide. This layer, in turn, was covered by layers in which Fe was bonded to bisulfide and C 3 H 4 N 2 groups. Corrosion protection probably resulted from the iron sulfide or oxide formed on the metal which was prevented from going into solution and recrystallization by the thin upper layer containing C 3 H 4 N 2 .KEY WORDS: films and film formation, hydrogen sulfide, imidazole, inhibitors, secondary ion mass spectrometry, steel, surface analysis, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy FIGURE 6. Schematic structure, interface steel exposed to C 3 H 4 N 2 inhibitor. FIGURE 4. SIMS steel exposed to solution with C 3 H 4 N 2 .FIGURE 5. SIMS steel exposed to solution without C 3 H 4 N 2 .

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“…The two commonly used techniques for simulating the atomic oxygen found in LEO are: a) hyperthermal or fast atomic oxygen [69][70][71], and b) oxygen plasma [11,55]. In this study the oxygen plasma method, provided by the facility at NASA Glenn, was utilized using an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma source to produce neutral atomic oxygen.…”

Section: Atomic Oxygen and Vacuum Uv Radiation Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization, performance and optimization of PVDF as a piezoelectric film for advanced space mirror concepts.

Jones¹,

Assink²,

Dargaville³

et al. 2005

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Piezoelectric polymers based on polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) are of interest for large aperture spacebased telescopes as adaptive or smart materials. Dimensional adjustments of adaptive polymer films depend on controlled charge deposition. Predicting their long-term performance requires a detailed understanding of the piezoelectric material features, expected to suffer due to space environmental degradation. Hence, the degradation and performance of PVDF and its copolymers under various stress environments expected in low Earth orbit has been reviewed and investigated. Various experiments were conducted to expose these polymers to elevated temperature, vacuum UV, γ-radiation and atomic oxygen. The resulting degradative processes were evaluated. The overall materials performance is governed by a combination of chemical and physical degradation processes. Molecular changes are primarily induced via radiative damage, and physical damage from temperature and atomic oxygen exposure is evident as depoling, loss of orientation and surface erosion. The effects of combined vacuum UV radiation and atomic oxygen resulted in expected surface erosion and pitting rates that determine the lifetime of thin films. Interestingly, the piezo responsiveness in the underlying bulk material remained largely unchanged. This study has delivered a comprehensive framework for material properties and degradation sensitivities with variations in individual polymer performances clearly apparent. The results provide guidance for material selection, qualification, optimization strategies, feedback for manufacturing and processing, or alternative materials. Further material qualification should be conducted via experiments under actual space conditions. 3 4 AcknowledgementsThe authors express their appreciation to Bruce Tuttle for use of equipment to measure the d 33 coefficients, Jonathan Campbell for use of the evaporation chamber, Mark Stavig for DMA measurements, Gary Zender for acquiring the SEM images, Ralph

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Surface structure and properties of polymers irradiated with hyperthermal atomic oxygen

Cited by 30 publications

References 14 publications

The Space Exposure Experiment of PEEK Sheets under Tensile Stress

The Space Exposure Experiment of PEEK Sheets under Tensile Stress

Surface Analysis of Inhibitor Films Formed in Hydrogen Sulfide Medium

Characterization, performance and optimization of PVDF as a piezoelectric film for advanced space mirror concepts.

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