Surfacing – Technologies and Layer Properties (A Review)

Abstract

<jats:p>The overview includes the basic methods for obtaining surface layers: arc surfacing - submerged arc surfacing (SAS), tungsten inert gas arc surfacing (TIGS), metal gas surfacing (MIG/MAG), plasma surfacing (PS); electron beam surfacing (EBS); laser surfacing (LS); electroless cladding (ELC); friction stir surfacing (FSS). Layers are applied on carbon steels, low alloyed steels, highly alloyed steels, aluminium alloys, titanium alloys or ductile cast iron substrates. The data on the additive materials used are provided and data on the hardness and wear resistance of the layers is given.</jats:p>

Determination of Optimal Hardfacing Modes for Recovering Electric Motor Shafts

“…The advantages of various types of hardfacing are [14,15]: -manual arc hardfacing (simplicity and versatility of the method; the ability to perform complex surfacing work in hard-to-reach places); -semi-automatic hardfacing in shielding gases (economical, good adhesion between the base and deposited metals); -automatic hardfacing under a layer of flux (high productivity, high quality of the deposited metal). The disadvantages of various types of hardfacing are [16,17]: -manual arc hardfacing (depending on the qualification of the welder, low productivity, harm to the environment); -semi-automatic hardfacing in shielding gases (increase in metal spatter by 10-12%, organic change in metal composition); -automatic hardfacing under a layer of flux (high heating of the part during surfacing; the need for heat treatment to increase wear resistance).…”

Investigation of the Performance Properties of Parts Surfaces to Be Recovered by SemiAutomatic Hardfacing

“…Defects exceeding wear of 5% of the shaft diameter are subject to restoration by hardfacing. Hardfacing is a method that allows, during repair, to give not only the original geometry, but also increased, improved mechanical properties compared to the base metal [5]. In addition, the deposited surfaces are characterized by high resistance to abrasive wear in the presence of impact loads, corrosion and oxidation at normal and elevated temperatures.…”