Surgical Positioning: Evidence for Nursing Care

Abstract

The goal of surgical positioning is to promote access to the surgical site. It should be carried out correctly to ensure patient safety and prevent complications. This integrative literature review aimed to search for and evaluate available evidences in literature about nursing care related to surgical positioning of adult patients in the intraoperative period. Pubmed, Cinahl and Lilacs databases were used for the selection of the articles. The sample consisted of 20 articles. The synthesis of the available evidence showed that included studies focused on three main topics: risk factors for developing complications, complications due to surgical positioning and nursing care related to surgical positioning. Among the gaps in the research theme, the need to conduct studies on effective devices for each type of surgical position is highlighted. Posicionamiento quirúrgico: evidencias para el cuidado de enfermeríaEl posicionamiento quirúrgico tiene como principal finalidad promover el acceso al sitio quirúrgico y debe ser realizado de forma correcta para garantizar la seguridad del paciente y prevenir complicaciones. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo buscar y evaluar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura sobre los cuidados de enfermería, relacionados al posicionamiento quirúrgico del paciente adulto en el período intraoperatorio. El método de investigación adoptado fue la revisión integradora de la literatura. Para la selección de los artículos, se utilizaron las bases de datos PubMed, Cinahl y Lilacs. La muestra se constituyó de 20 artículos. En la síntesis de las evidencias se constató que los artículos incluidos enfocaron tres tópicos principales, que son: los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de complicaciones, las complicaciones provenientes del posicionamiento quirúrgico y los cuidados de enfermería relacionados al posicionamiento quirúrgico.Entre los vacíos del tema investigado, se destaca la necesidad de conducir estudios sobre dispositivos eficaces para cada tipo de posición quirúrgica.

Prevention of skin reactions due to teletherapy in women with breast cancer: a comprehensive review

“…A comprehensive literature review was chosen. This method permits the analysis and synthesis of multiple published studies on a certain subject, as well as the identification of gaps that need to be filled through new research, and also general conclusions about a particular study area, with the resulting incorporation of the best and most recent evidence for decision making and improvement of clinical practice (5)(6) .…”

Managing febrile neutropenia in adult cancer patients: an integrative review of the literature

“…The research was undertaken in the following steps: establishment of the hypothesis and objective; establishment of inclusion and exclusion criteria for articles (sample selection); definition of the information to be extracted from selected articles; analysis of results; presentation and discussion of results; and finally, presentation of the review (11) .…”

“…In order to select the articles, databases were used to broaden the scope of the search (11) The inclusion criteria were: primary articles published in Portuguese, English or Spanish, with their entire texts available in the selected databases, published between 2010 and 2015; articles whose methodology demonstrated interventions related to the practices of health team professionals (either in conjunction or individually) for the management of CT-induced FN in adult patients.…”

“…As recommended by Lopes, Galvão (11) , due to the specific characteristics of accessing each of the selected databases, the strategies used to locate the articles were adapted according to the research questions and the inclusion criteria to maintain consistency in the search for articles and avoid possible biases. From this perspective, the keywords used were: The online search found 2,892 articles; after applying the inclusion criteria, the final sample for this integrative review comprised 12 articles, as shown in Figure 1.…”

“…For the analysis and synthesis of these articles, we used synoptic tables (11) containing: title, author/year and professional category; interventions realized; results; and recommendations/conclusions.…”