Suspected anthrax outbreak: Investigation in a rural block of west Bengal and public health response

Mondal, Tushar Kanti; Ghosh, Shubhamoy; Dasgupta, Samir; Sarkar, Aditya Prasad

doi:10.4103/0019-557x.169662

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Similar suspected outbreaks of human anthrax cases were reported with multiple exposures from handling the carcass of a cow in the Kween district of Uganda in April 2018 [14]. In India, seven cases of suspected anthrax were found in West Bengal, all of which occurred after the slaughtering of animals [15]. Anthrax continues to be endemic in underdeveloped regions due to less awareness and food‐related practices among the tribal populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Suspected human anthrax outbreak investigation in a tribal village of Koraput, India, 2021

Shandilya,

Parai,

Choudhary

et al. 2023

Public Health Challenges

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BackgroundOdisha is a state in India endemic to anthrax disease with frequent reports of suspected animal cases. A suspected outbreak of anthrax in humans was reported on 24 October 2021 at Tukum village in Koraput district of Odisha, India after a bullock was found dead and consumed by the locals on 17 October 2021.MethodsThis extended outbreak investigation was carried out through house‐to‐house active surveillance from 24 October to 2 November 2021 in the Koraput district. Eschar skin swabs from wounds were collected and processed at District Public Health Laboratory, Koraput, and analyzed in Indian Council of Medical Research‐Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar for molecular confirmation. Samples from bone, soil, and dried meat were collected from the contaminated sites and were transported to Animal Diseases Research Institute, Cuttack for confirmation.ResultsFour suspected cases of human anthrax were identified who had handled and consumed dead bullock meat, among which one human had died later. The attack rate of the persons at risk in the village was calculated to be 1.23%. However, no Bacillus anthracis were identified in human swab samples when tested in real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Samples collected from contaminated sites were confirmed to have anthrax bacilli.ConclusionInvestigation revealed that a suspected anthrax cluster outbreak was due to butchering/de‐skinning and consumption of the anthrax‐infected dead animal. The presence of bacilli in human samples could not be confirmed due to the intake of antibiotics before the collection of sample. This finding highlighted the importance of sample collection at a suitable time and a possible need for one health approach for better coordination among the different responsible departments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…According to the National Animal Diseases Referral Expert System, anthrax is among the top 10 diseases reported in India and one of the major causes of death in livestock. As India has a variety of agroclimatic zones, the occurrence of anthrax spores varies across the country [3, 4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspected human anthrax outbreak investigation in a tribal village of Koraput, India, 2021

Shandilya,

Parai,

Choudhary

et al. 2023

Public Health Challenges

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“…This is in contrast to the study in a rural block of the State of West Bengal found the common age group where delivered by C-section was highest among women <25 years of age followed by women between 25 and 30 years of age. (Mondal et al, 2015). Moreover, another retrospective study found that majority of mothers having C-section s fall in the 21-30 years' age group which was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar (Punjab, India) (Kaur et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indications of Cesarean Section at Al-Wahdah Teaching Hospital, Dhamar, Yemen

Mehrass

Sawal

Hajji

et al. 2022

JSRMBS

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Purpose: Because of the lack of information about the incidence of cesarean section and its indicators in Yemen, particularly in Dhamar Governorate, this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of cesarean section and identify the most common indications for cesarean section in Al- Wahdah Teaching Hospital, in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on 393 at Al- Wahdah Teaching Hospital to estimate the incidence and indications of cesarean section in the hospital. The data were collected using a pre-tested questionnaire over a period of one month. Results: The overall rate of cesarean section was 55.5% (218/ 393). Among the 218, 61.9% were emergency while 38.1 % were elective cesarean sections. The maternal age for patients undergoing cesarean section ranged from 16 to 40 years, 23.9% were under 20 years, 66.5% were from 20- 35 years, and 9.6% were more than 35 years. The majority of mothers who gave birth by cesarean section were multigravida “43.1%” of which 42.7% (93) were multipara and 72% had no abortion. The majority of mothers had term pregnancy 90.8% (198), and 54.6% (119) had limited antenatal care. The most common indication was previous cesarean section 22.5%, followed by contracted pelvis 22% and obstructed labor 20.6%. Conclusions: In our study, the rate of cesarean section is higher than recommended by WHO. Most of them were emergency cesarean sections. The most common indication was a previous cesarean section, followed by the contracted pelvis and obstructed labor.

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“…Academic pressure is a significant contributor to students' mental health issues in West Bengal. The intense focus on academic success often leads to high levels of stress, anxiety, and burnout among students (Sarkar & Ghosh, 2019).…”

Section: Factors Influencing Students' Mental Health In West Bengalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Mental Health Issues & Position of School-Level Learners in West Bengal, India

Dr. Ujjwal Paul

2024

IJARESM

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‘Mental health’ is a comprehensive term, which refers to the ‘condition of individual’ which consequences from normal organisation of the ‘functioning of the mind’. Mental health among students is a crucial yet often overlooked aspect of education. In recent years, there has been mounting apprehension about the ‘mental well-being’ issues of students, particularly in the context of academic pressure, social dynamics, and familial expectations. This paper aims to investigate and explore the mental health issues at the school level learner in West Bengal, India. The study focused on the review of contemporary situation of mental health, the current state of mental health awareness of school teachers, support in schools and proposes strategies for improvement. The study explores the various factors influencing students' mental well-being, reviewed the mental health positions of adolescent learners at schools and the role of school authorities and Government policies. This paper examines the factors contributing to the mental health challenges faced by students in West Bengal schools, along with potential interventions to address these issues. Through an ample review of literature and qualitative analysis, interviewing the schools teachers this article provides insights into the challenges faced by students in West Bengal and offers recommendations and strategies to enhance their mental health outcomes and sustain positive mental health.

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Suspected anthrax outbreak: Investigation in a rural block of west Bengal and public health response

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Suspected human anthrax outbreak investigation in a tribal village of Koraput, India, 2021

Suspected human anthrax outbreak investigation in a tribal village of Koraput, India, 2021

Indications of Cesarean Section at Al-Wahdah Teaching Hospital, Dhamar, Yemen

Understanding the Mental Health Issues & Position of School-Level Learners in West Bengal, India

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