Suspending single-wall carbon nanotube thin film infrared bolometers on microchannels

Lu, Rongwen; Li, Zhuangzhi; Xu, Guangye; Wu, Judy

doi:10.1063/1.3124651

Cited by 85 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Wu et al reported a pristine SWCNT thin film IR bolometer with a thickness of ~ 80 nm suspended on parallel Si microchannels developed by electron-beam lithography. [82] The response time of the detector was 40-60 ms with a detectivity of ~ 4.5 × 10 5 cm Hz 1/2 /W at room temperature. This technique makes the scalable microscopic suspension of CNT thin films possible.…”

Section: Bolometers Based On Swcnt Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[84][85][86][95][96][97] As for the second aspect, the focal point is how to suspend the device efficiently through various techniques. [82,88] During the last decade, CNT-based bolometric detectors have made substantial progress and the performances of these detectors is continuously being improved. [34] In going from SWCNT films to SWCNT-polymer composites, the TCR has been improved from ~0.1%/K to ~10%/K.…”

Section: Cnt Bolometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To assess the sensitivity of a bolometer, the responsivity is given by the following expression [82] ,…”

Section: Cnt Bolometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncooled Carbon Nanotube Photodetectors

Léonard

Kono

2015

Advanced Optical Materials

158

166

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Photodetectors play key roles in many applications such as remote sensing, night vision, reconnaissance, medical imaging, thermal imaging, and chemical detection. Several properties such as performance, reliability, ease of integration, cost, weight, and form factor are all important in determining the attributes of photodetectors for particular applications. While a number of materials have been used over the past several decades to address photodetection needs across the electromagnetic spectrum, the advent of nanomaterials opens new possibilities for photodetectors. In particular, carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene possess unique properties that have recently been explored for photodetectors. Here, we review the status of the field, presenting a broad coverage of the different types of photodetectors that have been realized with CNTs, placing particular emphasis on the types of mechanisms that govern their operation. We present a comparative summary of the main performance metrics for such detectors, and an outlook for performance improvements.2

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Section: Bolometers Based On Swcnt Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cnt Bolometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uncooled Carbon Nanotube Photodetectors

Léonard

Kono

2015

Advanced Optical Materials

158

166

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“…[ 15,36 ] Responsivity of the suspended IR sensor on PET was plotted as a function of bias voltage at room temperature and is shown in Figure 4 . It can be seen from the plot that higher responsivity was obtained at higher bias voltage, as expected from a bolometric process, while the maximum R v obtained for the R2R fabricated MWCNT IR sensor on PET was about 40 V/W.…”

Section: Full Paper Full Paper Full Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 20 ] Suspending CNTs in air or vacuum has been shown to reduce their thermal link to the environment leading to significant enhancement of the bolometric photoresponse. [ 1,8,[15][16][17][18] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspended Multiwall Carbon Nanotube‐Based Infrared Sensors via Roll‐to‐Roll Fabrication

John

Muthee

Yogeesh

et al. 2014

Advanced Optical Materials

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thermoelectric [ 5,6 ] and photovoltaic [ 7 ] single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) IR detectors shows good performance, but such detectors require asymmetric fabrication processes that are much more complex than what we describe in this paper. Fabrication of bolometric detectors is fairly straightforward and these can conveniently operate at room temperature. The functioning principle behind a bolometric CNT IR sensor involves incident radiation heating the CNT network, resulting in a measurable change in the CNT's electrical resistance since the resistance of CNTs strongly depends on the temperature. Therefore, reducing the CNT fi lm's thermal link to the environment is necessary to obtain an enhanced bolometric photoresponse. [ 1,8 ] For effi cient bolometer operation, the radiation absorber should have a large absorptivity, low heat capacity, and adequate temperature coeffi cient of resistance. [ 8 ] The very low density, high surface area and negligible heat capacity of CNTs make them very responsive as they are very sensitive to incident radiation. Accordingly, little absorption is needed to heat individual nanotubes and give a measurable response. The bolometric detectors require a bias voltage to generate a photoresponse whereas photovoltaic and thermopile detectors can operate under zero voltage. [ 6,9 ] CNT-based bolometric IR detectors can be broadly categorized into two groups: i) SWCNT-polymer composite fi lms where SWCNTs are uniformly embedded in polymer matrix [10][11][12][13][14] and ii) suspended SWCNT/MWCNT networks or individual bundles prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or vacuum fi ltration transfer. [ 1,8,[15][16][17][18] Recently, the bolometric characteristics of CNT-polystyrene composite fi lms were examined and a responsivity of 500 V/W and response time of around 200 ms for the composite IR sensor were observed. [ 12 ] Several similar reports on IR sensors based on CNT-polymer composite fi lms show response times on the order of hundreds of milliseconds. [10][11][12][13][14] Slower response time and complex sensor fabrication methods unsuitable for large volume fabrication are the major draw backs of CNT-polymer composite IR sensors and printed MWCNT IR sensors [ 19 ] on plastic. A plastic CNT sensor with the incorporation of an absorber and a refl ector for better sensor performance has also been reported. [ 20 ] Suspending CNTs in air or vacuum has been shown to reduce their thermal link to the environment leading to significant enhancement of the bolometric photoresponse. [ 1,8,[15][16][17][18]

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Achieving High Mid‐IR Bolometric Responsivity for Anisotropic Composite Materials from Carbon Nanotubes and Polymers

Glamazda

Karachevtsev

Euler

et al. 2012

Adv Funct Materials

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An anisotropic carbon nanotube (CNT)-polymer composite for bolometric applications in the mid-IR spectral range (2.5-20 μ m) is studied. Composite alignment in conjunction with non-uniform distribution of CNTs in the polymer matrix allows for a signifi cant enhancement of the temperature coefficient of resistance (0.82% K − 1 ) with respect to uniform composite (0.24% K − 1 ). As a result a responsivity of ≈ 500 V W − 1 is reached, which is the highest for CNT-based bolometers reported to date. Such remarkable optical and thermal characteristics are explained in terms of fl uctuation tunneling theory taking into account the composite anisotropy and the gradient of the CNT concentration. Flatness of the photoresponse in the broad spectral mid-IR range and enhanced responsivity provide a great potential for the use of such novel composite for applications in IR spectroscopy and thermal imaging.

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Suspending single-wall carbon nanotube thin film infrared bolometers on microchannels

Cited by 85 publications

References 13 publications

Uncooled Carbon Nanotube Photodetectors

Uncooled Carbon Nanotube Photodetectors

Suspended Multiwall Carbon Nanotube‐Based Infrared Sensors via Roll‐to‐Roll Fabrication

Achieving High Mid‐IR Bolometric Responsivity for Anisotropic Composite Materials from Carbon Nanotubes and Polymers

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